Eligibility Criteria:
We searched for peer-reviewed studies published in English over the last
20 years to capture the evolution in the use of huddles over time.
Studies were included if they featured a daily huddle, were conducted in
a healthcare setting, and involved a multidisciplinary team
(>1 profession). No restrictions were placed on country of
study origin.
Studies were excluded if they did not meet the inclusion criteria or
were duplicates. Preoperative briefs/huddles that were based on the
surgical safety checklist were also excluded as they did not meet our
definition of a huddle. Non-empirical article types such as reviews,
comments, or letters to the editor were not included.