6 Conclusion
In conclusion, we elaborated the characterization method and regulation strategy for regulating the crystallization kinetics and revealed the underlying mechanism. First, we introduce the characterization methods, including UV-vis absorption spectroscopy, PL, GIWAXS and GISAXS. Subsequently, we introduced the regulation method of film-forming process and post-annealing process and the mechanism of influence on morphology, including film-forming method, solvent, temperature, additive, TA and SVA. Through this review, we hope to deepen our understanding of the effects of crystallization dynamics on the morphology, which may guide to achieve higher device performance.
Since the appearance of OSCs, they have attracted extensive attention. In order to promote the industrialization of OSCs, efforts can be made from the following aspects: (1) Better materials, including electrode materials, active layer materials and interface layer materials, especially environmentally friendly materials should be designed; (2) A deeper understanding of the relationship between fabricating conditions-morphology-device performance; (3) development of the characterization methods; (4) Meet the requirements of practical applications such as stability and large-area solution fabrication of devices.