Effectiveness and perceptions of physical activity interventions in
previously active women during pregnancy and postpartum: a mixed-methods
systematic review.
Abstract
Background: Physical activity (PA) reduces significantly in active women
during pregnancy and in postpartum. Objectives: To synthesise the
evidence on the effectiveness of PA interventions delivered to active
pregnant and postpartum women and to explore the perceptions of active
women on being active during pregnancy. Search Strategy: Five databases
were searched from inception up until 12th of May 2019. Selection
Criteria: We included studies where a PA intervention was used to
promote or prevent decline in PA levels in active pregnant and/or
postpartum women, and either PA outcomes or participants’ views on
physical activity were reported. Data Collection and Analysis: Data were
extracted using structured data extraction forms. A narrative synthesis
of quantitative and qualitative data was produced. Main Results: Three
studies with a total of 2,1426 participants were included. Quantitative
studies used face-to-face sessions, goal setting, and multimedia
provision to exercise at home as interventions. Different methods were
used to assess change in PA with both studies reporting significant
positive changes in physical activity. Qualitative data suggested that
already active women are enthusiastic about continuing PA during and
after pregnancy. They see health benefits and empowerment as an enabler
and overcoming peer judgement and stereotypes as a barrier. Conclusion:
Available evidence shows that PA interventions in already active women
tend to be successful in increasing physical activity levels and foster
a positive perception. These findings should inform the design and
delivery of successful PA interventions in already active pregnant and
postpartum women. Keywords: Physical activity; Already active; Pregnant;
Postpartum.