Lake-inflows forecast using coupled water balance method and Xin'anjiang
model in ungauged stream of Chaohu Lake Basin, China
Abstract
Water resources are crucial for maintaining daily life and healthy
ecological environment. In order to gain a harmonious development among
water resources and economic development in Chaohu Lake Watershed, it is
urgent to quantify the lake-inflow. However, the accurate inflow
forecast is severely limited by the lack of information regarding river
flow (flow into Chaohu Lake). This paper attempts to overcome these
problems through applying the integrated model, which coupled the water
balance method and the Xin’anjiang model that the improved single
objective particle swarm optimization was added. Meanwhile, the coupled
model parameters were calibrated based on the objective function that
the maximum weighted average Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency of the flood
events with discontinuous time. In addition, the three copula functions
(Clayton, Frank and Gumbel-Hougaard method) embodying bivariate
probability distribution of annual precipitation and annual highest
water level, were performed to select the typical year. According to the
results of frequency analysis, Gumbel-Hougaard method is applied to
select the typical hydrological years, including high inflow (2016),
medium inflow (2007) and low inflow year (1978). Additionally, the
calibration and verification results of the coupled model suggest that
the simulation results are best in the high inflow year, followed by the
media inflow year and the low inflow year. Also, annual lake inflow
simulation in normal inflow year is 19.4×108 m3, while the findings of
the annual average land surface runoff of the study area is 18.9×108 m3,
indicating that the coupled water balance method and Xin’anjiang model
have been proved to be robust in determining inflow in ungauged stream.
The results of this present provides a basis for determining the
appropriate operation and management of water resources systems.