Objective To explore the Chinese reproductive-aged individual’s awareness, wishes, and possible misconceptions of ECS as well as factors affecting their decision-making. Design Anonymous, electronic questionnaire conducted in 5 months. Setting Women’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China. Population Chinese reproductive-aged individuals with a partner (aged 18-45 years). Methods Chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression to check the potential association between factors with intention of ECS. Main outcome measures Willingness to take ECS testing at own expenses. Results Only 35.0% were aware of ECS, while 93.1% of participants had the intention of ECS at their expenses, and 96.5% of participants had misconceptions of ECS and genetic diseases. Meanwhile, 53.6% would pay less than 1,000 CNY (approximately 145 US Dollars) for the test. Participants whose first reaction was of interests, who had prior awareness of the test, or who perceived the benefits were more likely to intend to use ECS (p<0.001). Participants with bachelor’s or above degrees or with the household income more than 150,000 CNY (approximately 21,700 US Dollars) were more likely to pay 1,000 CNY and greater (p<0.05). Conclusions The Chinese reproductive population had an overall positive attitude towards ECS, with some misconceptions on ECS and genetic disorders. Thus, population-based implementation of ECS is clinically feasible in China, but pre- and post-test education and genetic counselling are required to raise their awareness and to reduce misconceptions. Keywords expanded carrier screening, attitudes, preconception, misconceptions, questionnaire.