loading page

Co-infection of other respiratory pathogens in COVID-19: associated factors analysis and prognostic impact assessment
  • +5
  • Xiaowen Hu,
  • Feng zhang,
  • Liyan Dong,
  • Bei Pan,
  • Wei Ni,
  • Ruqin Gao,
  • Zhaoguo Wang,
  • Fachun Jiang
Xiaowen Hu
Qingdao Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention

Corresponding Author:[email protected]

Author Profile
Feng zhang
Qingdao Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention
Author Profile
Liyan Dong
Qingdao Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention
Author Profile
Bei Pan
Qingdao Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention
Author Profile
Wei Ni
Qingdao Women and Children’s Hospital
Author Profile
Ruqin Gao
Qingdao Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention
Author Profile
Zhaoguo Wang
Qingdao Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention
Author Profile
Fachun Jiang
Qingdao Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention
Author Profile

Abstract

The possibility of co-infection with other respiratory pathogens in COVID-19 remains unclear. This study aims to expand the knowledge of distribution and associated factors of co-infection in COVID-19 patients, and to assess the impact of co-infection on COVID-19 prognosis. Both univariate and multivariate analysis were performed to identify independent factors for co-infection. Cox regression was conducted to detect the association between co-infection and negative conversion after controlling other related factors. The rate of co-infection with at least one of other respiratory pathogens was 76.4%. 83.3% of co-infection cases were detected bacterial co-infection, followed by 31.0% with viral co-infection. Over 70% of neutrophils proportion (OR: 4.563; 95%CI: 1.116-18.648) was independently factors for bacterial co-infection, but fever (HR: 4.506; 95%CI: 1.044-19.441) and chest tightness (OR: 0.106; 95%CI: 0.015-0.743) for viral co-infection. The strongest promotion of negative conversion was detected with co-infection of only viruses (HR: 4.039; 95%CI: 1.238-13.177), and the weakest was found for co-infection of only bacteria (HR: 2.909; 95%CI: 1.308-6.472). The promotion of mixed bacteria and viruses was between co-infection of only bacteria and only viruses (OR: 3.242; 95%CI: 1.171-8.977). A higher proportion of bacterial co-infection is detected in comparison with viral co-infection among COVID-19 patients. Over 70% of neutrophils proportion, fever and chest tightness are independent factors associated with specific co-infection in SARS-CoV-2 infection. Additionally, different types of co-infection could variously result in a promoted negative conversion of COVID-19.