Hydrochemistry and Stable Isotope Indication of Mineral Water and
Surface Water in Changbai Mountain, China
Abstract
Changbai Mountain is the source region of Songhua River, Tumen River and
Yalu River. It is a famous concentrated distribution area of high
quality mineral water in China, which has great economic value. Antu
County is one of the main distribution areas of basalt and mineral water
in Changbai Mountain. The distribution of mineral springs has a strong
hydraulic relationship with surface water, which constitutes abundant
recharge reserves. It is necessary to study the hydrochemical
characteristics and relationship between surface water and mineral
water, so as to provide a theoretical basis for further discussion on
the formation process and rational utilization of mineral water
resources in Changbai Mountain. 57 water samples from 2016 to 2020 were
collected, including precipitation, mineral water and surface water.
Geostatistics, Piper and Gibbs diagram are used to analyze the
hydrochemical characteristics. Hydrochemical component tracing and
stable environment isotope technology with end-number calculation are
used to reveal the transformation relationship between mineral water and
surface water. Results demonstrate: Surface water and mineral water are
weak alkaline and low salinity. The hydrochemical type of mineral water
is mainly HCO3-Na·Mg·Ca and of surface water is mainly HCO3-Na. The
isotopes of precipitation are more enriched in summer due to the
influence of water vapor source and temperature effect. The temporal and
spatial differences between D and 18O of mineral water is obvious, and
isotopes are enriched abundant in autumn. The recharge source and
interaction between mineral water and surface water have changes in
different periods. In summer, mineral springs in Erdaobai River and
Sandaobai River watershed replenished surface water, and the recharge
proportion is more than 60%. The interaction between Toudao Baihe river
and mineral water is weak. In autumn, precipitation is the main recharge
for mineral water and surface water.