SSR Genotypes of the Puccinia triticina in 15 Provinces of China
Indicate Regional Migration in One Season from East to West and South to
North
Abstract
Leaf rust of wheat caused by Puccinia triticina (Pt) is one of the most
common and widespread fungal diseases which has a wide incidence area,
especially in the southwest and northwest of China, the middle and lower
reaches of the Yangtze river, and the southern part of the
Huang-huai-hai river basin. To explore the relationship between the
epidemic flora of leaf rust and transmission, a total of 709 isolates
from Beijing, Hebei, Henan, Shandong, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Anhui, Jiangsu,
Hubei, Yunnan, Sichuan, Gansu, Qinghai, Heilongjiang, Inner Mongolia 15
provinces was genotyped using 13 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers.
The Puccinia triticina populations from the 15 provinces were obviously
divided into three predominant populations including the eastern Pt
populations consisting of Pt samples from eight eastern provinces of
Beijing, Hebei, Shandong, Anhui, Henan, Shanxi, Shaanxi and
Heilongjiang; the four western Pt populations from Gansu, Sichuan,
Qinghai and Inner Mongolia provinces; and the bridge Pt populations
including Pt samples from Jiangsu, Hubei and Yunnan provinces which were
communicated with the other two populations as a “bridge”. And the
pathogen source transmission of eastern Pt populations was more frequent
than western Pt populations. The linkage disequilibrium test indicated
that the whole Pt population was linkage disequilibrium. Beijing, Hebei,
Shaanxi, Jiangsu, Henan and Heilongjiang provinces were showed obviously
linkage equilibrium phenomena while the five provinces of Qinghai,
Hubei, Anhui, Shandong and Inner Mongolia were supported clonal mode of
reproductions. In addition, provinces of Shanxi, Yunnan, Gansu, and
Sichuan showed weak linkage disequilibrium phenomena. We systematically
revealed the genotypic diversities, population differentiation and
reproduction of P. triticina in 15 wheat producing areas in China.