The significance of psychotic-like experiences at around age 10 is nuanced. Psychotic like experiences at this age are relatively common. For example, around 10% of children at this age answer yes to the question "do you heard voices when there is no-one around." (Kelleher, McGrath, Murray & Jones 2012), and only a minority of children with psychotic-like experiences will go on to develop a psychotic illness (ref). Thus the presence of such symptoms should not be seen as, in isolation, marking the presence of mental illness. However, the presence of such symptoms does indicate a raised risk (compared to children who do not express psychotic like experiences) of future schizophrenia spectrum disorder, of future anxiety and depressive disorders, and of suicidal thoughts and behaviours. The frequency of endorsement of psychotic like expeirences falls over the adolescent period, but the strength of the association with mental disorder strengthens in this period. Thus, as age 10-11, an endorsment of psychotic like experiences items on interview is less likely to be representative of mental disorder than a similar endorsement at age 16 (Kelleher), and the persistence of psychotic-like experiences over time has been shown to be associated with a higher risk of mental disorder than isolated measurements. This leads to the prediction that in follow-up of the ABCD study, children who persist in endorsing psychotic-like experiences at multiple time-points over the coming years will be more prone to develop schizophrenia spectrum or depressive illnesses than other short members, and this persistence of psychopatholfoty, and emergence of new psychopathology in follow-ups, may be associated with concomitant deficits in brain activation in the MID task.