There are of course local differences in this, and for example in Turku (and in Finland that was part of Sweden at the time) the rise of octavo is much slower than in Sweden in general. This was due to the fact that the main part of the documents printed in Finland were official and university documents. Octavo format was particularly suited for small sized books that could be carried around and read almost everywhere, whereas quarto (and folio) formats were more commonly used for official and academic documents - and books alike especially in the earlier centuries. Of course large-sized paper format in books carried prestige also in eighteenth century, but reading was becoming more equal and the price of the book was becoming a decisive factor for dissemination of ideas as widely as necessary. But it was octavo, and also the often even cheaper duodecimo, format that clearly changed the nature and relevance of the printing press in the later part of the eighteenth century.
Latin trend?
Duodecimo
Particular cities
USA gatherings (relation to language?)

Discussion

Our systematic approach provides a starting point and guidelines for more extensive integration of national catalogues.
ESTC? CERL? Open ecosystems? Research support? Open data? Open science? Open methods?
National bibliographies are essentially about mapping the national canon of publishing, but integrating data across borders should be managed in a way that takes into account specific local circumstances while also helping to overcome the national view in analyzing the past. We are now expanding our pilot study on the Finnish and Swedish bibliographies towards large-scale integration of national bibliographies in the CERL Heritage of the Printed Book Database. Such integration can help scholarship to reach a more precise view of print culture beyond the confines of national bibliographies.
Future perspectives.