Enabling the camera in Raspbian's configuration and installing WiringPi enabled us to pinpoint our problem: we had the camera plugged into a video-out port instead of a video-in port. Reconnecting our raspicam in its proper place got the raspicam on Raspberry Pi system working together.

The video input feed seems to be overwhelming SimpleCV after a few seconds of connection. We need to explore the configuration options or try again to work with OpenCV. Once we have our edge-detection software running smoothly, we will be able to attach our physical prototype glasses to our Raspberry Pi and collect some real data from which to calibrate our live eye-tracker.