Introduction

Vectors are living organisms that can transmit infectious diseases between humans or from animals to humans. Malaria is a baffling vector-borne disease in over 97 countries, especially in the tropical areas where Anopheles mosquitoes can survive and multiply, and where Malaria parasites can complete their growth cycle in the mosquitoes [1]. Regional analysis of vector-borne diseases in relation to climate change can be found in [2]. Statistics show that more than 1,000,000 lives are lost each year to vector-borne diseases. In 2012, there were about 207 million cases of malaria and an estimated 627,000 deaths. Every year, an estimated 200,000 cases of yellow fever illness and 30,000 deaths are recorded. Similarly, in 2006, about 1,400,000 cases of Chikungunya were reported in India [3]. Different species of mosquitoes are vectors of numerous health problems such as malaria, encephalitis, dengue, and others. In Table 1.0, diseases caused by different Vectors are briefly described.