BACKGROUND AND REVIEW OF LITERATURE:
Energy is a crucial resource proportional to the growth of individual populations around the globe. The high demands of exponentially growing groups and populations have constrained the options of energy production. More specifically, industrializing energy became essential in meeting population needs and demands. Economically, both fossil fuel and coal production are the most sufficient fields of immediate energy availability and output. According to a 2015 energy consumption report from Blue Sky Energy Partners, the combination of petroleum and coal expend nearly 52% of all energy demands in the United States- 36% Oil and 18% Coal (U.S. Energy Information Administration, 2016). In addition to this national survey of energy consumption, a global review found nearly 62% of all needs accounted for coal and oil- 33% Oil and 29.2% Coal (Columbia University, 2016). International and National reviews of energy consumption indicate that energy corporations are ultimately straying away from renewable energy types. The frame of renewable energy is hindered technologically, as it is limited by surrounding environmental conditions. More specifically, technologies, such as solar cells/solar panels, are constrained by the sunlight exposure in specific regions. The limitations of the renewable and nonrenewable energy sector create economical barriers, oftentimes being excluded from developing (3rd world) countries. Studies have presented a close correlation between both economic growth and energy availability (Neto et al., 2014). Due to the economic circumstances of 3rd and 2nd world countries, continuous access to both nonrenewable and renewable energies is constricted, due to financial limitations of large capacity/quantity. Contrary to non-renewable energy types, renewable sources do not suffice the energy market and the economy due to high initial costs and inconsistency (Giraldo et al., 2014). The economic and technological impediments of large-scale and non-intuitive renewable energy sources can be most magnified in impoverished and developing nations of Africa. Kenya is a developing country which necessitates biomass and waste combustion as the prime source of fuel. However, individual houses and facilities experience frequent power outages due to irregular Electricity production. The central drawback of irregularity lies in large-scale energy inconsistency. In other words, developing countries are oftentimes deprived of a smart grid system which provides stable energy flow to individual facilities, departments, and residents. Implanting a Smart Grid2, along with Distributed Generation3, may provide dependable energy flowage. More specifically, Distributed Generation may integrate electricity and power with small-scale technologies, which lessens stress on the central grid system (Vandaele & Porter, 2015).