INTRODUCTION:
The international standard of the energy sector has been concerning in
its immediate and long term environmental impact. More specifically, the
continuing environmental and ecological effects of mediums such as
fossil fuels and coal output have influenced phenomenon such as global
warming and the greenhouse effect. However, private and public energy
corporations have experienced slow transitions into renewable energy.
The undeniable root of this lagging changeover comes from world energy
demands in growing populations. Although the most renewable techniques
of energy delivery have been hydropower and biomass, these methods are
unable to sustain mass populations due to its small scale output
systems. The economical magnitude of biomass and hydropower is costly,
due to its geographical limitations (i.e. costly land expansion).
Furthermore, due to the finite availability of biomass, satisfying full
energy demands alone is not possible. Additionally, when considering
small scale biomass energy generation, net energy is easily lost due to
the system’s high energy needs. Moreover, the combustion of extraneous
or usable biomass can harm the environment by discharging carbon
dioxide, encouraging possible climatic change. As a result, energy
sustainability, consistency, and environmental efficiency, are not
fulfilled. Similarly, the high yielding biofuel industry poses a
plethora of economic drawbacks. The biofuel sector presents a demanding
cost of production in contrast with the fossil fuel industry. The
ecological facet of biofuel and biomass extraction is also penetrated by
the ineffectiveness of monoculture and the use of fertilizers.
Furthermore, systematic monoculture may deprive soiled nutrients by
cultivating a continuous crop species/genus. In other words, the variety
of crop species is bottlenecked, which reduces nutrients levels.
Extraneous fertilizers may also be deleteriously discharged during the
cultivation process, damaging the surrounding ecosystem. Most
importantly, considerable net energy gains cannot be absorbed with small
scale structures and frameworks of biofuel production. Constructing a
compact and energy efficient utility (in general) for individuals is
impractical with the previously acknowledged energy sources (coal,
fossil fuel, biofuel/biomass). Although industrial scale energy is
essential, a scalable energy system is crucial in all frames of
worldwide economic demand. The current canvas of energy production
presents insufficiency with energy scalability due to the lack of
adjustability and interconnection. The current systems of energy
production do not provide modulation nor convenience in partitioning
energy into separate units.