Mis specification results in pseudoreplication.
### Published Examples
#### Lloyd et al 2015 bird monitoring
#### Burns and Steer 2006 Ibis Dominance rank influences food hoarding in New Zealand Robins Petroica australi
#### Binomial data - treating things as independent trials when they aren't -
paper(s) in behavioral journals on sex ratios!
Advantage 2: They preserve the direct biological meaning of the data (vs. remedial measures)
Murtaughs approach - does it favor just doing significant testing? Does/How does taking the average of a set of subsampales change the interpretation of the data?
Multilevel models favored by quantitative ecologists b/c we are interest in coming up with estimates of precise quantities and their variances at relevant ecological scales, eg individual level vital rates, population trends
### Examples
Any examples of remedial measures gone bad - meta analysis throwing away information
Others?
Poisson data, binomial - if you average it you are converting it to normal (or are tempted to)?
2-stage modeling; linear regression then regression on the regression slopes; changes interpretation; also ignores the correlations structure; example for Analysis of Biological Data