• Constant rule: \(\int (a) dx = ax + c\)
  • Variable rule: \(\int (x)dx = \frac{x^2}{2} + c\)
  • Reciprocal rule: \(\int (\frac{1}{x}) dx = \ln|x| + c\)
  • Exponential rules: \(\int a^{kx} dx = \frac{a^{kx}}{k \ln a} + c\)