Abstract
Introduction 
Experimental 
Instrumentation
All absorbance spectra which are measured using a nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) machine was done with the 400 Mhz Bruker spectrometer. D2O was used as a solvent to make 600 μL of a 5nM NMR sample for the measurement. 1 H NMR spectra were recorded at 25 degrees Celsius with a spectral width of 15 ppm at 32 scans. 1H-195Pt spectrum was recorded with data points of Pt being 256 and 2048 for H at a spectral width of 2500 ppm for Pt and 15 ppm for H, the dimensions used for Pt was F1 dimension and H was F2 dimension.  All ultraviolet (UV) absorbance spectra were recorded on a Cary 1E spectrophotometer. A water blank was used for all measurements which were done at room temperature on a 10 mm quartz cell, absorbance ran at a 200-400 nm range wavelength.   Circular dichroism (CD) spectra were recorded using the Jasco-810 spectropolarimeter at room temperature in the range of 195-400 nm. Using 10 mm quartz cell with 1nm date pitch, 1 nm bandwidth and 1 second response time. A water blank was used for all measurements, 40 scans were done for the experiment and the machine was left to equilibrate for 30 minutes before each scan. Fluorescence spectroscopy results were recorded using the Varian Cary Eclipse fluorimeter at room temperature. Buffers used was the 5mM K2HPO4/KH2PO4 and 25mM NaF. Stock solutions of MC(56MESS) stock, DNA stock and EtBr stock used with concentrations of 0.000150 moles, 0.000177 moles and 0.000150 moles respectively. Ethdium solution was used as a blank and the samples were plated and measured on a 96 well plate at 1 nm date intervals, with a minimum of 600 nm per one scan rate and a scanning average time of 0.1 second.  The scans were run at an excitation wavelength of 480nm with an excitation slit of 5nm. Emission was recorded from 550-750 nm with an emission slit of 10 nm.
Materials 
5,6-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline, 1S,2S-diaminocyclohexane, Calf-thymus DNA, Ethidium bromide, Sodium carbonate, Sodium bicarbonate, Ampicillin, Streptomycin, Bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas, aeruginosa) Agar medium where all supplied by the Western Sydney University where they purchased it from Sigma-Aldrich.  Methanol, octanol and diethyl ether were provided by Western Sydney University where they purchased it from VWR. Potassium tetrachloroplatinate provided by Western Sydney University as they have purchased from Precious Metals Online and the Waters were also provided by Western Sydney University where they have purchased it from Pora-pak® column 20cc.
Synthesis
Synthesis of the Platinum(II) Based Complex,   ([(5,6-dimethyl1-1,10-phenanthroline) (1S,2S-diaminocyclohexane) platinum(II)]Cl2) (56MESS)
56MESS was made using the method provided by the Pharmacological Chemistry lab manual of Western Sydney University1. 0.4 grams of K2PtClhas weighed accurately and 1 molar of the ancillary ligand (1 S ,2 S -diaminocyclohexane, S,S-DACH are dissolved at room temperature in a minimum about of 15 mL water.  When reaction is successful, a pale yellow precipitate will begin to form, this mixture is then covered up with parafilm and refrigerated until next lab session (1 week).  After the week has passed, the yellow precipitate was collected by filtration and washed with water 3 times with 5mL, ethanol 3 times with 5mL and then with diethyl ether 3 times with 5mL. All filtrates and other wastes that may contain platinum were disposed into a designated platinum waste container. The product collected after the filtration was [Pt(S,S -dach)Cl 2 ] and amount of product produced was determined.  The product was then refluxed in about 100mL of water with a 1.1 molar intercalating ligand (5,6-dimethyl1-1,10-phenanthroline, 56Me 2phen for at least 24 hours.  The resultant is clear,  but the yellow solution was filtered and then concentrated by rotary evaporation.  The C18-reverse phase Sep-pak ® column was activated with 10mL of methanol and then washed with 20mL of water. The product solution (metal complex) will be purified using the 2g Waters, C18-reverse phase Sep-pak ® column, 3-5mL of the metal complex is loaded onto the column and eluted with 30-40mL of water. It elutes as a yellow band, leaving an orange/black product on the head of the column. The eluted yellow band is then collected in a pre-weighed and labeled round bottom flask and rotary evaporation is done until it is dried, this does not work, it can be alternatively be lyophilised.  The yield of product is recorded when completely dried and concentration of the metal complex solution (5mL) is determined. 
Preparation of the 5 mM NMR sample
Calculations of dried metal complex to be used as follows,  C = 5nM -> 0.005M, V = 600 μL -> 0.6mL -> 0.0006L. n=C x V was used, = 0.005M x 0.0006L = 0.000003 mol.
Then M = n x Mw was used, M = 0.000003 mol x 588g/mol = 0.00176g
0.0018g of the dried metal complex (product) was actually weighed into an Eppendorf tube and dissolved in D2O to make 600 μL of a 5mM NMR sample.   This solution is then transferred into an NMR tube and then NMR spectra of (1H, 13C, 195Pt) were evaluated.