Conduction
As the Onawa population already discovered, the surface/volume ratio
deeply affects the thermal dispersion of a closed ambient; in a similar
way, in the northern side of the world, the Inuit discovered that the
semi-spherical shape was the best approximation to the s/v ratio
perfection. Hence, in such a climate, it is important to lower the
dispersion surface, this condition can be satisfied by also creating a
building that is in part buried (fig.1 vs fig.2), which reduces the area
that loses heat to the external air (soil has a constant temperature of
12°C, while air can reach -10°C).
The technological improvement in buildings has allowed to consider the
effect of thermal bridges (fig.3) and prevent their presence.