MATERIAL
the most used material in the vernacular housing in this region is known as the COB.  Cob is an ancient material, which is a combination of sand and clay, mixed with straw and water.
Production of Cob: The production of cob involved three stages: 
1.Preparation f the soil mix
2.Compression of the soil mix
3.Curing the COB
Mixing cob material in place from the excavated construction site helps to build a monolithic wall.  Indeed, the building sector is one of the largest consumers of natural resources. It also generates large amounts of waste and produces greenhouse gases that participate to climate change. Embodied energy together with operating energy of the building sector represents approximately 40% of global energy use.\cite{hamard2016}
Adobe is able to absorb heat during the day keeping the house cool and then release this stored heat at night, warming the interior of the house. This behaviour is due to the high specific heat capacity of adobe which is an important factor that allows this material to reduce the thermal gradient of earthen houses (Parra-Saldivar and Batty, 2006). On the other hand, the ability of Adobe to conduct heat is highly dependent on its moisture content, with a strong relationship between water content and heat conduction (Rees et al., 2001).