In order to optimize the P(DTP-Ph-NH2) polymer thickness electrodes were fabricated with polymers having different coating cycles. A significant photo-current of 0.346nA can be clearly observed (highest level of photo-current) from the P(DTP-Ph-NH2) with 60 cycles. When the electropolymerization cycles increase up to 80 and 100 cycles, the decrease in photo-current values were observed. This shows the polymer film has the optimum thickness and conductivity for electron transfer. At the cycles, higher than 60 the polymer film becomes too thick for electron transfer and the sufficient number of electrons cannot be reached to the electrode (Fig. 2A). To increase the photocurrent generation Cyt C was immobilized to the GE/P(DTP-Ph-NH2)  electrode before crosslinking the thylakoid membrane by using electropolymerization. The functional properties of the Cyt C,GE/P(DTP-Ph-NH2)/Cyt C and GE/P(DTP-Ph-NH2)/Cyt C/thylakoid membrane have been analyzed by CV. The characteristics of the reversible redox couple Fe+3/Fe2+ in Cyt C molecules well observed (represented with green line) and anodic (Epa) and cathodic (Epc) peak potentials were cleary observed at around 0V, at a scan rate of 100 mV/s. A sharp decrease in the Epc and Epa were observed after modification with polymer (P(DTP-Ph-NH2/Cytc)(shown in black line). A further assembly step continue with thylakoid membrane (shown in red line) caused a decrease in the oxidation and reduction peaks. Formation of the layers have negative effects on the redox potentials of Cyt C, indicating that the blocking the electrical contact with the electrode. However the resulting electrode system, GE/P(DTP-Ph-NH2)/Cyt C/thylakoid membrane, exhibits the sufficient oxidation and reduction peaks means that Cyt C molecules  are crosslinked and well oriented in the electrode architecture[20].
After that, to evaluate the influence of Cyt C on the electron transfer pathway CA measurements are performed (shown in Fig. 2C). The use of Cyt C as an electron shuttle between the electrode and thylakoid membrane enhances the amount of obtained photo-current increased up to 550 nA. This result indicates the not all previously immobilized thylakoid membranes are in electrically contact with the electrode before the immobilization of Cyt C. The immobilization of Cyt C molecules increase the amount of thylakoid membranes electrically connected with the electrode[21].
One of the studies on the characterization of the GE modified with P (DTP-Ph-NH2) /Cyt C /Thylakoid Membrane is the study on the optimization of the number of cycles for binding the Cyt C to the polymer film. In this optimization study, after coating the GE with P(DTP-Ph-NH2) polymer by using 40 electro-polymerization cycles, the aniline-functionalized (100 mM) Cyt C was attached on conductive polymer film through oligoanilin bonds by using 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70 and 80 electro-polymerization cycles. After binding 500 mg/mL thylakoid membrane, the CA measurement of modified electrodes with P(DTP-Ph-NH2)/Cyt C/thylakoid membrane were performed and different amounts of photo-currents were obtained upon a cyclic on-off illumination of light at an intensity of 6800 w/M2, applied potential; 0V.