Chapter 1 Historical background
Chapter 2 Hydrogen Production and Power-to-gas technologies based on electrolysis ("state-of-the-art")

 
   2. Hydrogen production and Power-to-gas technologies based on electrolysis
 
 2.1 Overview of technologies for hydrogen production
2.1.1 Primary methods for hydrocarbon reforming
Among all the known hydrogen production methods, fuel processing technologies are the most common in commercial use nowadays, especially in petrochemical industry (Holladay 2009).  They are aimed to convert hydrocarbons into hydrogen enriched gas streams. As the hydrocarbons often come from fossil fuels (ex. methane, gasoline) the produced hydrogen is termed as "black hydrogen". The primary technique for hydrogen production from hydrocarbons is steam reforming, a chemical process  with a substantial share of steam and heat utilization. The general formula for hydrocarbon steam reforming process is presented below: