Estonian University of Life Sciences, Institute of Technology,
Kreutzwaldi 56, Tartu, 51006, Estonia
Abstract: In addition to gasoline and diesel fuel, the biofuels
HVO and FAME have been taken into wide use during the last decades. The
properties of gasoline and diesel fuel and their effect on the
combustion process have been studied for a long time, however, HVO and
FAME are still being studied. Existing studies show that the use of
biodiesels reduces the level of several exhaust gas emissions (like
soot) in engine exhaust gases. At the same time, the reasons for the
reduction of emission compounds remain unclear. The reason for
determining of the drop’s size and behavior is the assessment of the
quality of air-fuel mixture in order to explain the reduction of soot
emission in the use of biodiesels. The aim of this review paper is to
provide an overview of the behavior of fuel drop and their size in fuel
injectors when using different biofuels by giving a theoretical
background based on literature, on the basis of which the calculations
give an opportunity to evaluate experimental results of the behavior of
different biofuels in the fuel spray. This study compares four different
fuel types according to the WAVE-RT model. In addition, the collision
mechanisms of drops (reflexive and stretching separation) are presented
and these shall be compared for the fuel types. The results show that
during the use of biofuels, the drop size is somewhat larger compared to
diesel fuel.