Adjusted for age, gender, race and ethnicity.

Appendix

Figure 1

Vanderbilt dataflow chart

43684 encounters

Excluded 27129 with heart failure, coronary artery disease or atrial
fibrillation

16451 included

University of Miami data flowchart

38,927 encounters

Excluded 18493 with heart failure, coronary artery disease or atrial
fibrillation

20,434 included

Table 1

ICD-9 and ICD-10 codes