Design and Patients
The project was approved by the hospital’s ethical committee. All the
data was collected from the record of daily nursing work after carrying
out a proper screening. The information of the subjects that admitted in
this study was patients who lived in the neurosurgery department with
severe traumatic brain injury that need performing tracheotomy in our
hospital, from January 2016 to December 2018. The patients were divided
into oxygen spraying group (group A), heat and moisture exchanger (HME)
(group B), and the heating and humidification group (group C) according
to the humidification method the nurse chose. We excluded the patients
that don’t satisfy our demands. Inclusion criteria: GCS score ≤ 8
points; No basic lung disease; No mechanical ventilation is required.
The primary morbidity is traumatic brain injury or cerebral hemorrhage.
Exclusion standard: The bleeding amount is > 5 ml on the day
after tracheotomy; Mechanical ventilation is still required within 3
days after tracheotomy; In-Hospital duration < 3 days; Death or
automatic discharge; Pulmonary infection is already present. The
severity was divided into two groups according to Glasgow score (GCS)12, 3-5 points group
and 6-8 points group. According to the in-hospital time, into and 50
patients that nursed with each method were admitted. The patients were
supplied with low speed of oxygen at the first 7 days, and the patients
with spontaneous respiratory were stopped oxygen supplement after they
passed 7 days’ acute injury stage.