Ref.
Substrate Dimensions (mm2)
Fractal geometry
Frequency range (GHz)
ECC
MEG (dB)
CCL (bits/s/Hz)
[8] 136 × 136 Complementary Sierpinski Gasket 4.74-5.15 0.06 - -
[10] 121.8 × 68.45 Hilbert curve 2.4-2.489, 5-6 0.1 -4 -
[11] 100 × 50 Minkowski and Koch curve 1.65-1.9, 2.68-6.45 0.025 - ≤ 0.3
[16] 40 × 82 Koch curve 0.9-1, 1.73-1.79, 2.6-2.8, 3.6-3.7, 4.2-4.4, 5.5-5.6, 5.9-6.1 ≤ 0.05 - ≤ 0.5
[17] 51 × 50 Dragon and Koch curve 0.401-0.468, 2.39-2.48, 3.92-4, 4.58-4.77, 5.46-5.98 ≤ 0.01 - ≤ 0.4
[18] 40 × 50 Sunflower fractal 2-2.9, 5-10 ≤ 0.05 - ≤ 0.4
Proposed Fractal array 30.5 × 47 Koch curve 4.395-10.184 ≤0.0021 ≥-3.7 ≤ 0.4