Figure 3 Representation of anti-islanding detection methods [16].

Remote Anti-Islanding Methods

The remote methods are relies on the communication links between the utility power grid and DG sources. These methods have the high efficiency, have better reliability than local IdMs and have negligible NDZ [14].But it is costly, need a stiff infrastructure, updated improvement in communication, high computational burden [15]. Figure 4 shows a schematic of the remote islanding detection technique, where the main grid and DG unit share the information using a communication channel. Islanding detection is mainly based on the information collected and sent from transmitter from the applied media to the receiver at tripping switch. The common examples of remote IdMs include supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA), power line communication (PLC), and transfer trip.