Figure 2 |
Synthesis of (A) polymer modified UCNPs (FA-PEAH-UCNPs), (B)
ketonized Pha (Pha-HB), and (C) FA-PEAH-UCNPs-Pha. |
Figure 3 |
(A) 1H NMR spectra of FA-PEAH-UCNPs-Pha;
(B) UV-visible absorption spectra of (a) FA-PEAH-UCNPs and (b)
FA-PEAH-UCNPs-Pha; and (C) EDS spectra of free UCNPs; (D) EDS spectra of
FA-PEAH-UCNPs). |
Figure 4 |
TEM images of (A) free UCNPs, (B) FA-PEAH-UCNPs, and (C)
FA-PEAH-UCNPs-Pha; (D) Typical size distributions of UCNPs, (a) Free
UCNPs, (b) FA-PEAH-UCNPs (b), FA-PEAH-UCNPs-Pha; (E) SAED pattern of
NaYF4:Yb/Er UCNPs synthesized by a hydrothermal
method. |
Figure 5 |
XRD patterns of (A) hexagonal-phase
NaYF4:Yb/Er UCNPs, and (B) copolymer-modified
hexagonal-phase NaYF4:Yb/Er UCNPs (FA-PEAH-UCNPs),
Bottom line patterns are the hexagonal-phase (JCPDS 16-0334) and PEG
4000 (JCPDS 49-2095). |
Figure 6 |
Fluorescence emission spectra of copolymer-modified UCNPs
(FA-PEAH-UCNPs) in water under 980-nm laser excitation; inset shows the
green fluorescence emission from UCNPs and FA-PEAH-UCNPs upon 980 nm
laser excitation. |
Figure 7 |
Confocal images of free Pha and
FA/CH3-PEAH-UCNPs-Pha against MCF7 cells (DAPI [blue
color], F-actin [green color], Pha [red color)]); (A) control,
(B) free Pha, (C) CH3-PEAH-UCNPs-Pha, and (D)
FA/CH3-PEAH-UCNPs-Pha. Scale bars represent 20
μm. |
Figure 8 |
In vitro cytotoxicity test using free Pha and
FA/CH3 -PEAH-UCNPs-Pha against MCF7 cells, (A)
phototoxicity depending on the Pha concentration; (B) phototoxicity
depending on laser exposure time. |