Step 2.
Base Distance Estimation: For location estimation in DV- Hop
and its improvements, hop size and hop count information is used
massively. But hop size is always erroneous and the hop path is not a
straight line, which is the cause of a faulty location of the unknown
node. To overcome this problem, in this step we calculate the base
distance. The calculation of the base distance is explained by
considering Fig. 3.