Conclusion:
In summary, the TFA content of the shortenings was between 0.21 and 15.54 % (4.29 % on average). Merely 13.33 % of the shortening samples was trans -free. Also, 66.67 % of the samples was low-trans and 20% had trans- isomers of above 5 %. The average content of SFA and lauric acid of Iranian shortenings was 50.46 % and 0.26 %, respectively. The mean FFA percentage, PV, and IP110 of the shortenings samples were 0.20%, 1.67 mEq/kg, and 26.89 h, respectively. In general, the SMP and SFC values of Iranian shortenings were higher than those of the types in most of the foreign markets, which may be due to the higher saturation value of Iranian ones. The Lovibond color range of shortenings was rather wide and depended on the type of application; some samples were more colored, while others were less colored. The results of this research can present valuable information on shortenings to researchers and industries.