References
Baker, H. G., & Baker, I. (1983). A brief historical review of the chemistry of floral nectar, pp. 126–152. In Bentley, B., & Elias, T. (eds.), The Biology of Nectaries. Columbia University Press, New York.
Colwell, R. K., & Futuyma, D. J. (1971). On the measurement of niche breadth and overlap. Ecology, 52, 567–576.
Garratt, M. P. D., Coston, D. J., Truslove, C. L., Lappage, M. G., Polce, C., Dean, R., … Potts, S. G. (2014). The identity of crop pollinators helps target conservation for improved ecosystem services. Biological Conservation, 169, 128–135.
Goulson, D., & Darvill, B. (2004). Niche overlap and diet breadth in bumblebees; are rare species more specialized in their choice of flowers? Apidologie, 35, 55-63.
Goulson, D., Hanley, M. E., Darvill, B., Ellis, J. S., & Knight, M. E. (2005). Causes of rarity in bumblebees. Biological Conservation, 122, 1-8.
Goulson, D., Lye, G. C., & Darvill, B. (2008a). Decline and conservation of bumble bees. Annual Review of Entomology, 53, 191–208.
Goulson, D., Lye, G. C., & Darvill, B. (2008b). Diet breadth, coexistence and rarity in bumblebees. Biodiversity and Conservation, 17, 3269–3288.
Goulson, D., Nicholls, E., Botias, C., & Rotheray, E. L. (2015). Bee declines driven by combined stress from parasites, pesticides, and lack of flowers. Science, 347, 1432–1437.
Hanley, M. E., Franco, M., Pichon, S., Darvill, B., & Goulson, D. (2008). Breeding system, pollinator choice and variation in pollen quality in British herbaceous plants. Functional Ecology, 22, 592-598.
Hegland, S. J., & Totland, Ø. (2008). Is the magnitude of pollen limitation in a plant community affected by pollinator visitation and plant species specialization levels? Oikos, 117, 883–891.
Heinrich, B. (1976). Resource partitioning among some eusocial insects: Bumblebees. Ecology, 57, 874-889.
Huang, J. X., Wu, J., An, J. D., & Williams, P. (2015). Newly discovered colour pattern polymorphism of Bombus koreanus females (Hymenoptera: Apidae) demonstrated by DNA barcoding. Apidologie, 46, 250–261.
IBM Corp. Released 2013. IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 22.0. Armonk, NY: IBM Corp.
Inouye, D. W. (1977). Species structure of bumblebee communities in North America and Europe, pp. 35-40. In Mattson W. J. (ed.), The role of arthropods in forest ecosystems. Springer, New York.
Inouye, D. W. (1978). Resource partitioning in bumblebees: experimental studies of foraging behavior. Ecology, 59, 672-678.
Inouye, D. W. (1980). The effect of proboscis and corolla tube lengths on patterns and rates of flower visitation by bumblebees. Oecologia, 45, 197-201.
Ishii, H. S., Kadoya, T., Kikuchi, R., Suda, S. I., & Washitani, I. (2008). Habitat and flower resource partitioning between exotic and native bumble bees: result of the competitive interactions. Biological Conservation, 141, 2597-2607.
Jha, S., & Kremen, C. (2013). Resource diversity and landscape-level homogeneity drive native bee foraging. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 110, 555-558.
Johnson, S. D., Moré, M., Amorim, F. W., Haber, W. A., Frankie, G. W., Stanley, D. A., … Raguso, R. A. (2017). The long and the short of it: a global analysis of hawkmoth pollination niches and interaction networks. Functional Ecology, 31, 101–115.
Konzmann, S., & Lunau, K. (2014). Divergent rules for pollen and nectar foraging bumblebees - a laboratory study with artificial flowers offering diluted nectar substitute and pollen surrogate. PLoS One, 9: e91900.
Miller-Struttmann, N. E., & Galen, C. (2014). High-altitude multi-taskers: bumble bee food plant use broadens along an altitudinal productivity gradient. Oecologia, 176, 1033–1045.
Moerman R, Roger N, De Jonghe R, Michez D, Vanderplanck M. 2016. Interspecific variation in bumblebee performance on pollen diet: New insights for mitigation strategies. PLoS ONE 11: e0168462.
Nilsson, L. A. 1988. The evolution of flowers with deep corolla tubes. Nature, 334, 147–149.
Nishikawa, Y., & Shimamura, T. (2016). Effects of alien invasion byBombus terrestris L. (Apidae) on the visitation patterns of native bumblebees in coastal plants in northern Japan. Journal of Insect Conservation, 20, 71–84.
Ogilvie, J. E., Griffin, S. R., Gezon, Z. J., Inouye, B. D., Underwood, N., Inouye, D. W., & Irwin, R. E. (2017). Interannual bumble bee abundance is driven by indirect climate effects on floral resource phenology. Ecology Letters, 20, 1507-1515.
Pyke, G. H. (1982). Local geographic distributions of bumblebees near Gothic, Colorado: competition and community structure. Ecology, 63, 555-573.
Pyke, G. H., Inouye, D. W., & Thomson, J. D. (2012). Local geographic distributions of bumble bees near Crested Butte, Colorado: competition and community structure revisited. Environmental Entomology, 41, 1332-49.
Ranta, E., & Lundberg, H. (1980). Resource partitioning in bumblebees- The significance of differences in proboscis length. Oikos, 35, 298-302.
Ranta, E., & Vepsalainen, K. (1981). Why are there so many species? Spatio-temporal heterogeneity and northern bumblebee communities. Oikos, 36, 28-34.
Ranta, E., Lundberg, H., & Terns, I. (1981). Patterns of resource utilization in two Fennoscandian bumblebee communities. Oikos, 36, 1-11.
Ranta, E. (1982). Species structure of north European bumblebee communities. Oikos, 38, 202-209.
Ranta, E., & M. Tiainen. 1982. Structure in seven bumblebee communities in eastern Finland in relation to resource availability. Holarctic Ecology. 5, 48-54.
Ranta, E. (1984). Proboscis length and the coexistence of bumblebee species. Oikos, 43, 189-196.
Roger N, Michez D, Wattiez R, Sheridan C, Vanderplanck M. 2017. Diet effects on bumblebee health. Journal of Insect Physiology 96: 128-133.
Roulston, T. H., & Cane, J. H. (2000). Pollen nutritional content and digestibility for animals. Plant Systematics and Evolution, 222, 187–209.
Roulston, T. H., & Goodell, K. (2011). The role of resources and risks in regulating wild bee populations. Annual Review of Entomology, 56, 293–312.
Schoener, T. W. 1974. Resource partitioning in ecological communities. Science, 185, 27-39.
Thomson, D. M. (2016). Local bumble bee decline linked to recovery of honey bees, drought effects on floral resources. Ecology Letters, 19, 1247–1255.
Vaudo, A. D., Patch, H. M., Mortensen, D. A., Tooker, J. F., & Grozinger, C. M. (2016). Macronutrient ratios in pollen shape bumble bee (Bombus impatiens ) foraging strategies and floral preferences. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, E4035-E4042.
Vlašánková, A., Padyšáková, E., Bartoš, M., Mengual, X., Janečková, P., & Janeček, Š. (2017). The nectar spur is not only a simple specialization for long-proboscid pollinators. New Phytologist, 215, 1574–1581.
Williams, P. H. (1989). Why are there so many species of bumblebees at Dungeness? Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 101, 31-44.
Williams, P. H., & Osborne, J. L. (2009). Bumblebee vulnerability and conservation world-wide. Apidologie, 40 (3), 367-387.
Williams, P., Colla, S., & Xie, Z. (2009). Bumblebee vulnerability: common correlates of winners and losers across three continents. Conservation Biology, 23, 931–940.
Woodard, S. H. (2017). Bumble bee ecophysiology: integrating the changing environment and the organism. Current Opinion in Insect Science, 20, 101–108.
Woodard, S. H., Duennes, M. A., Watrous, K. M., & Jha, S. (2019). Diet and nutritional status during early adult life have immediate and persistent effects on queen bumble bees. Conservation Physiology, 7(1), 1-10.