LITERATURE CITED
Abreu, K. C., R. F. Moro-Rios, J. E. Silva-Pereira, J. M. D. Miranda, E.
F. Jablonski, and F. C. Passos. 2008. Feeding habits of ocelot
(Leopardus pardalis ) in southern Brazil. Mammalian Biology
73(5):407–411. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mambio.2007.07.004
Bianchi, R. De C., and S. L. Mendes. 2007. Ocelot (Leopardus
pardalis ) predation on primates in Caratinga Biological Station,
southeast Brazil. American Journal of Primatology 69(10):1173–1178.
https://doi.org/10.1002/ajp.20415
Bianchi, R. De C., S. L. Mendes, and P. De M. Júnior. 2010. Food habits
of the ocelot, Leopardus pardalis , in two areas in southeast
Brazil. Studies on Neotropical Fauna and Environment 45(3):111–119.
https://doi.org/10.1080/01650521.2010.514791
Blake, J. G., D. Mosquera, B. A. Loiselle, K. Swing, J. Guerra, and D.
Romo. 2012. Temporal activity patterns of terrestrial mammals in lowland
rainforest of eastern Ecuador. Ecotropica 18(2):137–146.
https://www.soctropecol.eu/PDF/Ecotropica_2012/Blake_et_al_2012_Ecotropica_18_2.pdf.
Accessed 06 February 2020.
Booth-Binczik, S. D., R. D. Bradley, C. W. Thompson, L. C. Bender, J. W.
Huntley, J. A. Harvey, L. L. Laack, and J. L. Mays. 2014. Food habits of
ocelots and potential for competition with bobcats in southern Texas.
The Southwestern Naturalist 58(4):403–410.
https://doi.org/10.1894/0038-4909-58.4.403
Cáceres, N. C., C. S. Dambros, G. L. Melo, J. Sponchiado, F.
Della-Flora, and M. O. Moura. 2014. Local randomness, vegetation type
and dispersal drive bird and mammal’s diversity in a tropical South
American region. Echosphere 5(9):1-11.
https://doi.org/10.1890/ES14-00040.1
Carrillo, E., T. K. Fuller, and J. C. Saenz. 2009. Jaguar
(Panthera onca ) hunting activity: effects of prey distribution
and availability. Journal of Tropical Ecology 25(5):563–567.
https://doi.org/10.1017/S0266467409990137
Carter, N. H., B. K. Shrestha, J. B. Karki, N. M. B. Pradhan, and J.
Liu. 2012. Coexistence between wildlife and humans at fine spatial
scales. PNAS 109(38):15360–15365.
https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1210490109
Crashaw, P. G., J. K. Mahler, C. Indrusiak, S. M. Cavalcanti, R. P.
Leite-Pitman, and K. M. Silvius. 2004. Ecology and conservation of the
jaguar (Panthera onca ) in Iguaçu National Park, Brazil. Pp.
286–296 in People in nature: wildlife conservation in South and Central
America (K. Silvius, R. Bodmer, and J. V. Fragoso, eds.). Columbia
University Press. New York, New York.
Davies, M. L, M. J. Kelly, and D. F. Stauffer. 2010. Carnivore
co-existence and habitat use in the Mountain Pine Ridge Forest Reserve,
Belize. Animal Conservation 14(1):56–65.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-1795.2010.00389.x
De Angelo, C. A. Paviolo, and M. Di Bitetti. 2011. Differential impact
of landscape transformation on pumas (Puma concolor ) and jaguars
(Panthera onca ) in the Upper Paraná Atlantic Forest. Diversity
and Distributions 17(3):422–436.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1472-4642.2011.00746.x
Di Bitetti, M. S., Y. E. Di Blanco, J. A. Pereira, A. Paviolo, and I. J.
Pírez. 2009. Time partitioning favors the coexistence of sympatric
crab-eating foxes (Cerdocyon thous ) and pampas foxes
(Lycalopex gymnocercus ). Journal of Mammalogy 90(2):479-490.
https://doi.org/10.1644/08-MAMM-A-113.1
Di Bitetti, M. S., C. De Angelo, Y. E. Di Blanco, and A. Paviolo. 2010.
Niche partitioning and species coexistence in a Neotropical felid
assemblage. Acta Oecologica 36(4):403–412.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actao.2010.04.001
Durant, S. M. 1998. Competition refuges and coexistence: an example from
Serengeti carnivores. Journal of Animal Ecology 67(3):370–386.
https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2656.1998.00202.x
Ferreguetti, A. C., W. M. Tomás, and H. G. Bergallo. 2015. Density,
occupancy, and activity pattern of two sympatric deer (Mazama ) in
the Atlantic Forest, Brazil. Journal of Mammalogy 96(6):1245–1254.
https://doi.org/10.1093/jmammal/gyv132
Foster, V. C., P. Sarmento, R. Sollmann, N. Tôrres, A. T. A. Jácomo, N.
Negrões, C. Fonseca, and L. Silveira. 2013. Jaguar and puma activity
patterns and predator-prey in four Brazilian biomes. Biotropica
45(3):373–379. https://doi.org/10.1111/btp.12021
Garla, R. C. 2001. Jaguar (Panthera onca ) food habits in Atlantic
Rain Forest of southeastern Brazil. Biotropica 33(4):691–696.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7429.2001.tb00226.x
Gómez, H., R. B. Wallace, G. Ayala, and R. Tejada. 2005. Dry season
activity periods of some Amazonian mammals. Studies on Neotropical Fauna
and Environment 40(2):91–95. https://doi.org/10.1080/01650520500129638
Gourlart, F. V. B., N. C. Cáceres, M. E. Graipel, M. A. Tortato, I. R.
Ghizoni Jr., and L. G. R. Oliveira-Santos. 2009. Habitat selection by
large mammals in a southern Brazilian Atlantic Forest. Mammalian Biology
74(3):182–190. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mambio.2009.02.006
Harmsen, B. J., R. J. Foster, S. C. Silver, L. E. T. Ostro, and C. P.
Doncaster. 2009. Spatial and temporal interactions of sympatric jaguars
(Panthera onca ) and pumas (Puma concolor ) in a neotropical
forest. Journal of Mammalogy 90(3):612–620.
https://doi.org/10.1644/08-MAMM-A-140R.1
Harmsen, B. J., R. J. Foster, S. C. Silver, L. E. T. Ostro, and C. P.
Doncaster. 2011. Jaguar and puma activity patterns in relation to their
main prey. Mammalian Biology 76(3):320–324.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mambio.2010.08.007
Hernández-SaintMartín, A. D., O. C. Rosas-Rosas, J. Palacio-Núñez, L. A.
Tarango-Arámbula, F. Clemente-Sánchez, and L. Hoogesteijn. 2013.
Activity patters of jaguar, puma and their potential prey in San Luis
Potosi, Mexico. Acta Zoológica Mexicana 29(3):520–533.
https://www.redalyc.org/pdf/575/57529246005.pdf . Accessed 06 February
2020.
Hunter, J., and T. Caro. 2008. Interspecific competition and predation
in American carnivores families. Ethology Ecology and Evolution
20(4):295–324. https://doi.org/10.1080/08927014.2008.9522514
INMET [Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia]. 2014. Estações
Automáticas.
http://www.inmet.gov.br/sonabra/pg_dspDadosCodigo_sim.php?QTUxMQ.
Accessed 06 February 2020.
Iriarte, J. A., W. L. Franklin, W. E. Johnson, and K. H. Redford. 1990.
Biogeographic variation of food habits and body size of the America
puma. Oecologia 85(2):185–190. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00319400
Keenan, R. J., G. A. Reams, F. Achard, J. V. De Freitas, A. Grainger,
and E. Lindquist. 2015. Dynamics of global forest area: results from the
FAO Global Forest Resources Assessment 2015. Forest Ecology and
Management 352:9–20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2015.06.014
Kronfeld-Schor, N., and T. Dayan. 2003. Partitioning of time as an
ecological resource. Annual Review in Ecology, Evolution and Systematics
34:153–181. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ecolsys.34.011802.132435
Lindstedt, S. L., B. J. Miller, and S. W. Burskirk. 1986. Home range,
time, and body size in mammals. Ecology 67(2):413–418.
https://www.jstor.org/stable/1938584. Accessed February 2020.
Linkie, M, and M. S. Ridout. 2011. Assessing tiger-prey interactions in
Sumatran rainforests. Journal of Zoology 284(3):224–229.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7998.2011.00801.x
Lucherini, M., J. I. Reppucci, R. S. Walker, M. L. Villalba, A.
Wurstten, G. Gallardo, A. Iriarte, R. Villalobos, and P. Perovic. 2009.
Activity pattern segregation of carnivores in the high Andes. Journal of
Mammalogy 90(6):1404–1409. https://doi.org/10.1644/09-MAMM-A-002R.1
Lund, U., and C. Agostinelli. 2017. Package “circular”, June 29, 2017,
version 0.4-93.
http://www.cran.r-project.org/web/packages/circular/index.html. Accessed
06 February 2020.
Massara, R. L., A. M. O. Paschoal, L. L. Baileu, P. F. Doherty Jr., and
A. G. Chiarello. 2016. Ecological interactions between ocelots and
sympatric mesocarnivores in protected areas of the Atlantic Forest,
southeastern Brazil. Journal of Mammalogy 97(6):1634–1644.
https://doi.org/10.1093/jmammal/gyw129
Massara, R. L., A. M. O. Paschoal, L. L. Bailey, P. F. Doherty Jr., M.
F. Barreto, and A. G. Chiarello. 2018. Effect of humans and pumas on the
temporal activity of ocelots in protected areas of Atlantic Forest.
Mammalian Biology 92:86–93.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mambio.2018.04.009
Meredith, M., and M. Ridout. 2018. Package “overlap”, May 03, 2018.
http://www.cran.r-project.org/web/packages/overlap/index.html. Accessed
06 February 2020.
Meza, A. V., E. M. Meyer, and C. A. L. González. 2002. Ocelot (Leopardus
pardalis) food habits in a tropical deciduous forest of Jalisco, Mexico.
American Midland Naturalist 148(1):146–154.
https://www.jstor.org/stable/3082969. Accessed 06 February 2020.
Moreno, R. S., R. W. Kays, and R. Samudio Jr. 2006. Competitive release
in diets of ocelot (Leopardus pardalis ) and puma (Puma
concolor ) after jaguar (Panthera onca ) decline. Journal of
Mammalogy 87(4):808–816. https://doi.org/10.1644/05-MAMM-A-360R2.1
Moss, W. E., M. W. Alldredge, K. A. Logan, and J. N. Pauli. 2016. Human
expansion precipitates niche expansion for an opportunistic apex
predator (Puma concolor ). Scientific Reports 6:39639.
https://doi.org/10.1038/srep39639
Nagy-Reis, M. B., V. H. S. Iwakami, C. A. Estevo, and E. Z. F. Setz.
2019. Temporal and dietary segregation in a neotropical small-felid
assemblage and its relation to prey activity. Mammalian Biology 95:1-8.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mambio.2018.12.005
Novack, A. J., M. B. Main, M. E. Sunquist, and R. F. Labisky. 2005.
Foraging ecology of jaguar (Panthera onca ) and puma (Puma
concolor ) in hunted and non-hunted sites within the Maya Biosphere
Reserve, Guatemala. Journal of Zoology, London 267(2):167–178.
https://doi.org/10.1017/S0952836905007338
Núñez, R., B. Miller, and F. Lindzey. 2002. Ecología del jaguar em la
reserva de la Biosfera Chamela-Cuixmala, Jalisco, México. Pp. 107–126
in El Jaguar em el Nuevo Mileno. Una evaluacion de su estado, deteccion
de prioridades y recomendaciones para la conservación de los jaguares em
America (R. A. Medellín et al ., eds.). Universidad Nacional
Autonoma de Mexico and Wildlife Conservation Society, Distrito Federal
Mexico, Mexico City.
Oliveira, T. G., and J. A. Pereira. 2014. Intraguild predation and
interspecific killing as structuring forces of carnivoran communities in
South America. Journal of Mammalian Evolution 21:427–436.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10914-013-9251-4
Polis, G. A., C. A. Myers, and R. D. Holt. 1989. The ecology and
envolution of intraguild predation: Potential competitors that eat each
other. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 20:297–330.
https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.es.20.110189.001501
Pardini, R., M. De Souza, R. Braga-Neto, and J. P. Metzger. 2005. The
role of forest structure, fragment size and corridors in maintaining
small mammal abundance and diversity in an Atlantic Forest landscape.
Biological Conservation 124(2):253–266.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2005.01.033
Paviolo, A., Y. E. Di Blanco, C. D. De Andelo, and M S. Di Bitetti.
2009. Protection affects the abundance and activity patterns of pumas in
the Atlantic Forest. Journal of Mammalogy 90(4):926–934.
https://doi.org/10.1644/08-MAMM-A-128.1
R Development Core Team. 2019. R: a language and environment for
statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna,
Austria. www.R-project.org.
Ramírez-Mejía, A. F. and F. Sánchez. 2016. Activity patterns and habitat
use of mammals in an Andean forest and a Eucalyptus reforestation
in Colombia. Hystrix, the Italian Journal of Mammalogy
27(2):10.4404/hystrix-27.2-11319.
https://doi.org/10.4404/hystrix-27.2-11319
Rao, J. S. 1976. Some tests based on arc-lengths for the circle.
Sankhyā: The Indian Journal of Statistics, Series B 38(4):329–338.
https://www.jstor.org/stable/25052032. Accessed 06 February 2020.
Ribeiro, M. C., J. P. Metzger, A. C. Martensen, F. J. Ponzoni, and M. M.
Hirota. 2009. The Brazilian Atlantic Forest: How much is left, and how
is the remaining forest distributed? Implications for conservation.
Biological Conservation 142(6):1141–1153.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2009.02.021
Ridout, M. S., and M. Linkie. 2009. Estimating overlap of daily activity
patterns from camera trap data. Journal of Agricultural, Biological, and
Environmental Statistics 14:322–337.
https://doi.org/10.1198/jabes.2009.08038
Roll, U., T. Dayan, and N. Kronfeld-Schor. 2006. On the role of
phylogeny in determining activity patterns of rodents. Evolutionary
Ecology 20:479–490. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10682-006-0015-y
Romero-Muñoz, A., L Maffei, E. Cuéllar, and A. J. Noss. 2010. Temporal
separation between jaguar and puma in the dry forests of southern
Bolivia. Journal of Tropical Ecology 26(3):303–311.
https://doi.org/10.1017/S0266467410000052
Santos, F., C. Carbone, O. R. Wearn, J. M. Rowcliffe, S. Espinosa, M. G.
M. Lima, J. A. Ahumada, A. L. S. Gonçalves, L. C. Trevelin, P.
Alvarez-Loayza, W. R. Spironello, P. A. Jansen, L. Juen, and C. A.
Peres. 2019. Prey availability and temporal partitioning modulate felid
coexistence in Neotropical forests. PLoS ONE 14:e0213671.
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0213671
Schoener, T. W. 1974. Resource partitioning in ecological communities.
Science 185(4145):27–39. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.185.4145.27
Schuette, P., A. P. Wagner, M. E. Wagner, and S. Creel. 2013. Occupancy
patterns and niche partitioning within a diverse carnivore community
exposed to anthropogenic pressures. Biological Conservation
158:301–312. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2012.08.008
Scognamillo, D., I. E. Maxit, M. Sunquist, and J. Polisar. 2003.
Coexistence of jaguar (Panthera onca ) and puma (Puma
concolor ) in a mosaic landscape in the Venezuelan llanos. Journal of
Zoology, London 259(3):269–279.
https://doi.org/10.1017/S0952836902003230
SOS Mata Atlântica. 2019. Relatório técnico do Atlas dos remanescentes
florestais da Mata Atlântica (período 2017-2018).
https://www.sosma.org.br/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/Atlas-mata-atlantica_17-18.pdf.
Accessed 06 February 2020.
Tôrres, N. M., P. De Marco Jr., J. A. F. Diniz Filho, and L. Silveira.
2008. Jaguar distribution in Brazil: past, present and future. Cat News
4 (Special Issue):4–8.
http://www.catsg.org/fileadmin/filesharing/5.Cat_News/5.3._Special_Issues/5.3.4._SI_4/Torres_et_al_2008_Jaguar_distribution_in_Brazil_s.pdf.
Accessed 06 February 2020.
Viana, L. R. 2006. Estimativa da abundância e densidade de onça-pintada
(Panthera onca ), em um fragmento de Mata Atlântica, utilizando
armadilhas fotográficas e modelos de captura e recaptura. M.S. thesis,
Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais,
Brazil.
http://pos.icb.ufmg.br/pgecologia/dissertacoes/D164_Leonardo_rodrigo_viana.pdf.
Accessed 06 February 2020.
Woolf, H. M. 1968. On the computation of solar evaluation angles and the
determination of sunrise and sunset times. National Aeronautics and
Space Administration, NASA Technical Memorandum, NASA TM X-1646.
https://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19680025707.pdf.
Accessed 06 February 2020.