The number of reported dengue cases has increased dramatically since the 1980s due to several complex reasons (5, 10). The primary driving forces include rapid, unplanned urbanization combined with substandard living conditions, lack of vector control and surveillance, poor public health programs, international travel, and virus and vector evolution (3, 4).  The contribution of climatic change is controversial, and it is not known to what extent this enhances the spread of mosquitoes, and indirectly the DENVs (3, 10, 11).

Vector interactions