INTRODUCTION
The complex topic of female genital tract is fascinating. The estimated prevalence of Mullerian abnormalities is approximately 5 %, from mild to severe, in the general population and increases up to 13 % in women with infertility.(1) After the classification reported by ASRM in 1988, de nuova abnormalities were reported and recently and in 2013 European Society of Human Reproduction & Embryology – European Society of Gynecological Endoscopy (ESGE – ESHRE) announced a new classification in terms of uterine abnormalities.(2)
In the classification made by ESGE - ESHRE in 2013, dysmorphic uterus was defined as; a - T shape, b - Infantile, c- Others and no sub -group explanation for the group classified as the others. In the ASRM classification, T shape uterine cavity is classified as class VII. There is no detailed definition of Y shaped cavity and others in the classifications designed by ESGE - ESHRE and ASRM. (2,3) (Figure 1)
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) is the most common and studied endocrine disorder of fertile-aged women, affecting approximately 5-10 % of the population. PCOS is characterized by several clinical phenotypic presentations, including metabolic and reproductive issues, mainly hyperandrogenemia, elevated serum anti-mullerian hormone (AMH) levels, presence of oligomenorrhea / amenorrhea and insulin resistance.(4)
The higher frequency of pregnancy complications, mainly preterm birth, in PCOS patients than normo-ovulatory patients has been under discussion for many years.(5–7) The data in the literature regarding the increased preterm birth in PCOS pregnancies and our observations with intrauterine cavity abnormalities in PCOS patients encouraged us to design this research.
The hypothesis of our study is that ”the incidence of uterine abnormalities, mainly Y shaped uterine cavity, in PCOS patients is higher than in normo-ovulatory patients and this can be related to maternal serum AMH levels”.