2-2 Echocardiographic and fluoroscopic evaluations
All patients underwent transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) and fluoroscopic examinations. The diagnosis of mechanical TV thrombosis was made based on clinical presentation, physical examinations, and imaging features on echocardiographic and/or fluoroscopic evaluations. The type of mechanical TV thrombosis was considered obstructive when a high trans-prosthetic pressure gradient was observed on TTE and reduced or fixed leaflet mobility was detected by fluoroscopy. The cutoff values for Doppler parameters were based on the latest recommendation. The TV peak velocity ≥1.9 m/s, the mean of trans-tricuspid pressure gradient ≥6 mm Hg, and the pressure half time ≥130 ms were suggestive of possible tricuspid prosthetic obstruction [2].