AAD: anti-arrhythmic drug, ACEI/ARB: angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor/angiotensin receptor blocker, AF: atrial fibrillation, BMI: body mass index, CHF: congestive heart failure, Cr: creatinine, DM: diabetes mellitus, LVEF: left-ventricular ejection fraction, HT: hypertension, LAD: left-atrial diameter, TIA: transient ischemic attack.