Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses of predictors of HF hospitalization
By univariate Cox regression analyses, older age, high body mass index, diabetes mellitus (DM), coronary artery disease (CAD), longer pacing QRS length, ventricular lead position at the lower septum and apex, larger pre-implant LA dimension, larger pre-implant LVEDV, larger post-implant LA dimension, larger post-implant LVEDV, lower post-implant LVEF, post-implant LVEF <40%, and progressive post-implant TR were significant preditors of HF hospitalization (Table 5). However, by multivariate Cox regression analyses, only older age (HR: 1.073; 95% CI: 1.037-1.110; p < 0.001), CKD stage of >3 (moderate to severe CKD) (HR: 1.865; 95% CI: 1.008-3.450; p = 0.047), and larger post-implant LVEDV (HR: 1.010; 95% CI: 1.004-1.017; p = 0.001) were independently associated with HF hospitalization. Post-implant LVEF (HR: 0.957; 95% CI: 0.934-0.980; p < 0.001) was independently inversely associated with HF hospitalization. Progressive post-implant TR (HR: 1.694; 95% CI: 0.959-2.994; p = 0.070) had a non-significant trend toward HF hospitalization.