Reference
1. Yu MC, Yuan JM. Epidemiology of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Semin Cancer Biol 2002; 12:421-429.
2. Yu KH, Leung SF, Tung SYet al. Survival outcome of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma with first local failure: a study by the Hong Kong Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Study Group. Head Neck 2005; 27:397-405.
3. You R, Zou X, Hua YJet al. Salvage endoscopic nasopharyngectomy is superior to intensity-modulated radiation therapy for local recurrence of selected T1-T3 nasopharyngeal carcinoma - A case-matched comparison. Radiother Oncol 2015; 115:399-406.
4. Liu J, Yu H, Sun Xet al. Salvage endoscopic nasopharyngectomy for local recurrent or residual nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a 10-year experience. Int J Clin Oncol 2017; 22:834-842.
5. Weng J, Wei J, Si Jet al. Clinical outcomes of residual or recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma treated with endoscopic nasopharyngectomy plus chemoradiotherapy or with chemoradiotherapy alone: a retrospective study. PeerJ 2017; 5:e3912.
6. Wong EHC, Liew YT, Abu Bakar MZ, Lim EYL, Prepageran N. A preliminary report on the role of endoscopic endonasal nasopharyngectomy in recurrent rT3 and rT4 nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2017; 274:275-281.
7. Greene FL, Sobin LH. A worldwide approach to the TNM staging system: collaborative efforts of the AJCC and UICC. J Surg Oncol 2009; 99:269-272.
8. Bian X, Chen H, Liao L. A retrospective study of salvage surgery for recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Int J Clin Oncol 2012; 17:212-217.
9. Ong YK, Solares CA, Lee S, Snyderman CH, Fernandez-Miranda J, Gardner PA. Endoscopic nasopharyngectomy and its role in managing locally recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Otolaryngol Clin North Am 2011; 44:1141-1154.
10. Lu TX, Mai WY, Teh BSet al. Initial experience using intensity-modulated radiotherapy for recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2004; 58:682-687.
11. Wang Y, Wang ZQ, Jiang YXet al. A triplet chemotherapy regimen of cisplatin, fluorouracil and paclitaxel for locoregionally recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma cases contraindicated for re-irradiation/surgery. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2016; 17:1585-1590.
12. Kong F, Zhou J, Du Cet al. Long-term survival and late complications of intensity-modulated radiotherapy for recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:1139.
13. Hua YJ, Han F, Lu LXet al. Long-term treatment outcome of recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma treated with salvage intensity modulated radiotherapy. Eur J Cancer 2012; 48:3422-3428.
14. Chua DT, Sham JS, Kwong DL, Wei WI, Au GK, Choy D. Locally recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma: treatment results for patients with computed tomography assessment. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1998; 41:379-386.
15. Chan JY, Wei WI. Impact of resection margin status on outcome after salvage nasopharyngectomy for recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Head Neck 2016; 38 Suppl 1:E594-599.
16. Pereira ER, Jones D, Jung K, Padera TP. The lymph node microenvironment and its role in the progression of metastatic cancer. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2015; 38:98-105.
17. Pereira ER, Kedrin D, Seano Get al. Lymph node metastases can invade local blood vessels, exit the node, and colonize distant organs in mice. Science 2018; 359:1403-1407.
18. Liao LJ, Hsu WL, Wang CTet al. Prognostic impact of pre-treatment neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in nasopharyngeal carcinoma: A retrospective study of 180 Taiwanese patients. Clin Otolaryngol 2018; 43:463-469.
19. An X, Ding PR, Wang FH, Jiang WQ, Li YH. Elevated neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio predicts poor prognosis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Tumour Biol 2011; 32:317-324.
20. Yao JJ, Zhu FT, Dong Jet al. Prognostic value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a large institution-based cohort study from an endemic area. BMC Cancer 2019; 19:37.
21. Proctor MJ, McMillan DC, Morrison DS, Fletcher CD, Horgan PG, Clarke SJ. A derived neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio predicts survival in patients with cancer. Br J Cancer 2012; 107:695-699.
22. Zhao L, Chen H, Hu B, Zhang H, Lin Q. Prognostic significance of Ki67 expression and the derived neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Cancer Manag Res 2018; 10:1919-1926.
23. Gerlach UA, Atanasov G, Wallenta Let al. Short-term TNF-alpha inhibition reduces short-term and long-term inflammatory changes post-ischemia/reperfusion in rat intestinal transplantation. Transplantation 2014; 97:732-739.
24. Gacci M, Serni S, Lapini Aet al. CXCR3-B expression correlates with tumor necrosis extension in renal cell carcinoma. J Urol 2009; 181:843-848.
25. Atanasov G, Schierle K, Hau HMet al. Prognostic Significance of Tumor Necrosis in Hilar Cholangiocarcinoma. Ann Surg Oncol 2017; 24:518-525.
26. Song H, Wu Y, Ren G, Guo W, Wang L. Prognostic factors of oral mucosal melanoma: histopathological analysis in a retrospective cohort of 82 cases. Histopathology 2015; 67:548-556.
27. Adams HJA, de Klerk JMH, Fijnheer R, Dubois SV, Nievelstein RAJ, Kwee TC. Prognostic value of tumor necrosis at CT in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Eur J Radiol 2015; 84:372-377.
28. Prasad ML, Patel S, Hoshaw-Woodard Set al. Prognostic factors for malignant melanoma of the squamous mucosa of the head and neck. Am J Surg Pathol 2002; 26:883-892.