3.1.- Estimation of specific consumption and production rates
The methodology followed to calculate the specific consumption and production rates for the metabolites analyzes is detailed in Martínez-Monge et al. (2019a).
The specific productivity (qp) for the cells in the process was calculated using the integral of viable cells (ICV) and the product concentration between the first and the last point as presented in Equation 1 . ICV was calculated using the trapezoidal rule with the function trapz included in Matlab 2019a (Mathworks).
\begin{equation} q_{P}=\frac{{[Product]}_{\text{final}}}{\text{ICV\ }}\ \ \ \ \ [1]\nonumber \\ \end{equation}
For the volumetric productivity (VP), the final product concentration and the total process time was used as shown inEquation 2 .
\begin{equation} V_{P}=\frac{{[Product]}_{\text{final}}}{t_{\text{total}}}\ \ \ \ \ [2]\nonumber \\ \end{equation}