Study
Country: setting
Age
Time
Data source
Teratogenic medication
Risk management programme or pregnancy risk classification system
Quality assessment score (out of 36)
Algoblan et al. (2019) Saudi Arabia: outpatient clinics including private clinics and governmental hospitals 33 to 40 6/2017 – 11/2017 Patient survey Isotretinoin NS 28
Mitchell et al. (1995) USA: Telephone or mailed survey 12 to 59 1/1989 - 12/1993 Patient survey Isotretinoin Pregnancy Prevention Program for isotretinoin 25
Cheetham et al. (2006) USA: Kaiser Permanente (a national, non-profit, managed care organization) NS 2000 - 2004 Medical records Isotretinoin Kaiser Permanente Southern California isotretinoin risk management program 28
Rao et al. (2000) USA: Telephone or mailed survey NS 1990 - 1993 Patient survey Isotretinoin NS 28
Uusküla et al. (2018) Estonia: The Estonian Health Insurance Fund (EHIF) 15 to 45 1/2012 - 10/2016 Medical records Isotretinoin NS 31
Pinheiro et al. (2013) USA: IMS Health, Vector One®: Data Extract Tool (DET) 13 to 45 3/2004 - 2/2008 Medical records Isotretinoin iPledge 28
Entezari-Maleki et al. (2012) Iran: Institutional community pharmacy service affiliated with the college of pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences NS 7/2007 - 1/2008 Patient survey and medical records Isotretinoin NS 33
Lelubre et al. (2018) Belgium: Questionnaires delivered online by email NS 12/2014 - 10/2015 Patient survey Isotretinoin Pregnancy Prevention Program for isotrentinoin 29
Teichert et al. (2010) Netherlands: The Dutch Foundation for Pharmaceutical Statistics (SFK) 15 to 45 1/2005 - 12/2008 Medical records Isotretinoin The Dutch pregnancy prevention program 31
Boucher and Beaulac-Baillargeon (2006) Canada: Telephone interview ≥14 11/2003 - 7/2004 Patient survey Isotretinoin NS 30
Crijns et al. (2012) Netherlands: IADB (a database, containing information of prescribed medication in public pharmacies in the Netherlands) 15 to 49 1999 - 2006 Medical records Isotretinoin NS 27
Ozyurt and Kaptanoglu (2015) Turkey: Dermatology clinic in a Hospital 14 to 35 1/2012 for 18 months Patient survey Isotretinoin NS 24
Tsur et al. (2008) Israel: Drug Consultation Centre 16 to 45 7/2005 - 10/2005 Patient survey Isotretinoin NS 31
Brinker et al. (2005) USA: A novel pharmacy compliance survey and an ongoing, voluntary survey 15 to 45 10/2002 - 4/2003 Patient survey Isotretinoin System to Manage Accutane-Related Teratogenicity (SMART) program 33
Werner et al. (2014) USA: Urban community via flyers displayed on college campuses, at dermatology clinics, and at student health facilities 14 to 45 1/2012 - 9/2012 Patient survey Isotretinoin iPledge 32
Hogan et al. (1988) Canada: Dermatology clinic and general practitioner clinic  NS 4/1983 - 3/1985 Patient survey and medical records Isotretinoin NS 24
Bhakta et al. (2015) USA: Outpatient Neurology Clinics in a hospital 15 to 44 7/2011 - 6/2012 Medical records Anti-epileptic drugs (phenobarbital, primidone, phenytoin, fosphenytoin, ethosuximide, carbamazepine, sodium valproate, and topiramate) NS 25
Wieck et al. (2007) UK: Psychiatric departments of three teaching hospitals 16 to 47 11/2004 - 10/2005 Medical records Sodium valproate, semisodium valproate or carbamazapine National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence for epilepsy (2004) 24
Bell et al. (2002) UK: General practices and outpatient department of hospital consultants (neurologists, paediatricians and paediatric neurologists), in addition to mailed questionnaire 14 to 55 2000 Patient survey Anti-epileptic drugs Services for patients with epilepsy: report of a CSAG Committee chaired by Professor Alison Kitson 28
Langan et al. (2013) UK: Secondary care psychiatric contacts 16 to 50 2002 - 2005 Medical records Sodium valproate, carbamazepine, lamotrigine and topiramate NS 31
Bosak et al. (2019) Poland: A university epilepsy clinic 16 to 49 8/2017 - 8/2018 Patient survey and medical records Anti-epileptic drugs NS 28
Leverenz et al. (2019) USA: Rheumatology Clinic, Dermatology Clinics and an online community of people living with inflammatory arthritis ≤40 2015 - 2017 Patient survey Methotrexate, anti-TNF (infliximab, adalimumab, etanercept, golimumab, or certolizumab) and novel medications (abatacept, apremilast, rituximab, tocilizumab, tofacitinib, secukinumab, and ustekinumab) NS 30
Yazdany et al. (2011) USA: Academic rheumatology offices , community rheumatology offices, and nonclinical sources, including patient support groups and conferences and other forms of media ≤45 2008 - 2009 Patient survey Methotrexate, mycophenolate mofetil, azathioprine, cyclosporine, tacrolimus, leflunomide, cyclophosphamide, or biologic agent NS 33
Ferguson et al. (2016) USA: Academic and community practices , lupus support groups and conferences , and newsletters, websites and other forms of publicity ≤45 2003 - 2010 Patient survey Azathioprine, mycophenolate, methotrexate, cyclosporine, leflunomide, cyclophosphamide, rituximab, abatacept, or belimumab NS 31
Banas et al. (2014) Poland: NS  NS NS Patient survey Leflunomide NS 26
Paton et al. (2018) UK: Mental health provider organisations ≤ 50 Medical records Sodium valproate NICE guideline for bipolar disorder (NICE 2014) 25
Gotlib et al. (2016) USA: A tertiary medical centre 15 to 49 1/2013 - 7/2014 Medical records Sodium valproate American Psychiatry Association, American Congress of Obstetrics and Gynaecologists, National Institute for Health and Care Excellence and American Academy of Neurology and American Epilepsy Society 29
Mulryan et al. (2018) Ireland: Irish mental health service 18 to 49 42370 Medical records Sodium valproate NS 28
Atturu and Odelola (2015) UK: Adult Psychiatric service 18 to 45 2005 - 2012 Medical records Sodium valproate Bipolar disorder: The management of bipolar disorder in adults, children and adolescents, in primary and secondary care (NICE) 2006 29
Brandenburg et al. (2017) USA: Mandatory and voluntary surveys of the REMS program NS 6/2012 - 6/2013 Patient survey Thalidomide and lenalidomide REMS for thalidomide and lenalidomide 29
Castaneda et al. (2008) USA: REMS females of child bearing potential 12/2005 - 12/2007 Patient survey Lenalidomide RevAssist® 29
Chave et al. (2001) UK: Dermatologists  NS 36434 Physician questionnaire Thalidomide NS 25
Raguideau et al. (2015) France: The French national health insurance database (SNIIRAM), The complementary Universal Health Insurance (CMUc), and The French hospital discharge database (PMSI) 15 to 49 1/2006 - 12/2013 Medical records Acitretin NS 27
Valle et al. (1998) UK: Cancer care hospital NS Patient survey Chemotherapy for breast cancer NS 25
Shilalukey et al. (1997) Canada: Haemoglobinopathy Clinics of a children’s hospital and a general hospital Teenagers 7/1993 - 7/1994 Patient survey Deferoxamine and deferiprone NS 25
Hayward et al. (2016) USA: Children’s Hospital 12 to 21 7/2011 - 6/2015 Medical records Cyclophosphamide NS 31
Landis et al. (2012) USA: The National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NAMCS) 12 to 55 1993 - 2008 Patient log Isotretinoin and oral contraceptives iPledge 31
James et al. (2007) UK: A mental health trust 18 to 45 2006 Medical records Lithium, carbamazepine or sodium valproate NS 26
Chang et al. (2018) Uganda: Uganda Heart Institute (UHI) 15 to 59  NS Patient survey Warfarin NS 35
Steinkellner et al. (2010) USA: Database from Medco Health Solutions, Inc.(Franklin Lakes, NJ), a pharmacy benefits manager 18 to 44 1/2008 - 6/2009 Medical records Category X FDA, validated by Micromedex and Clinical Pharmacology ref 28
Schwarz et al. (2007) USA: Kaiser Permanente (a health maintenance organization) 15 to 44 2001 Medical records Category D or X FDA 30
Schwarz et al. (2005) USA: The National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NAMCS), an annual survey of non-federal employed, office-based physicians 14 to 44 1998 - 2000 Medical records Category D or X FDA 27
Goyal et al. (2015) USA: National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NHAMCS) 14 to 40 2005 - 2009 Patient survey Category D or X FDA 35
Stancil et al. (2016) USA: Academic paediatric medical centre 14 to 25 1/2008 - 12/2012 Medical records Category D or X FDA 30
Mody et al. (2015) USA: Family medicine at an academic institution 18 to 45 4/2011 - 4/2012 Medical records Category D or X Review of the category D and X medications in 2012 by a counsellor for California Teratogen Information Specialists 32
Mody et al. (2015) USA: An academic outpatient family medicine clinic 18 to 45 4/2012 - 4/2013 Patient survey and medical records Category D or X FDA 33
Schwarz et al. (2010) USA: Pharmacy Benefits Management Database (PBM) 18 to 45 10/2006 - 9/2008 Medical records Category D or X FDA 35
Mager et al. (2018) USA: Life plans completed as part of Toledo-Lucas County Healthy Start 13 to 44 4/2016 - 10/2016 Reproductive life plan Category C, D or X FDA 25
Fritsche et al. (2011) USA: Family medicine clinic 15 to 44 10/2002 - 11/2008 Medical records Category D or X (paroxetine, methotrexate or warfarin; selected longer-term tetracyclines (minocycline or tetracycline); a benzodiazepine (defined as any medication containing either “azepam” or “azolam”) and any statin (defined as any medication containing “astatin”) FDA 29
Ruiter et al. (2012) Netherlands: The Dutch Foundation for Pharmaceutical Statistics (SFK) 15 to 45 1/2005 - 12/2009 Medical records Category D or X and coumarin anticoagulants, phenprocoumon and acenocoumarol Swedish Catalogue of Approved Drugs (FASS), Australian Drug Evaluation Committee (ADEC) and US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) 26
Schwarz et al. (2012) USA: Academic general internal medicine practice 18 to 50 10/2008 - 4/2010 Medical records Potential teratogens NS 33
Force et al. (2012) USA: Family medicine clinics 18 to 44 NS Medical records Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin-receptor blockers or statin FDA 28
Schwarz et al. (2013) USA: Suburban, community-based family practice and an academic general internal medicine 18 to 50 10/2008 - 6/2009 Patient survey and medical records Benzodiazepines, antimicrobials (i.e., doxycycline and fluconazole), angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin-receptor blockers, cardiovascular medications (e.g., beta-blockers, spironolactone), psychiatric medications (e.g., lithium and some antidepressants), and statins NS 32
Schwarz et al. (2013) USA: The OEF/OIF roster, provided to the VA by the Department of Defense Manpower Data Center’s (DMDC) Contingency Tracking System ≤50 7/2008 - 10/2011 Patient survey Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin-receptor blockers, benzodiazepine or statin FDA 33
Martin et al. (2008) UK: Hypertension Clinic in a University Hospital 16 to 45 1/2004 - 10/2006 Medical records Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) NS 22