Figures legends
Figure 1: Map of Africa representing the 34 sampling localities
Locality numbers are explained in Table 1.
Figure 2: Frequency clines of DE and SAE alleles
Scatter plot and regression lines with 95% confidence interval. Blue data points: frequency of DE alleles averaged across loci (adjustedR 2 = 0.78, excluding HiP), orange data points: frequency of SAE alleles averaged across loci (adjustedR 2 =0.77, excluding HiP). Light blue and light orange data points (HiP at 28.2 °S and Nairobi NP at 1.4 °S) indicate negative outliers.
Figure 3: Combined frequency cline of DE and SAE alleles
Scatter plot and regression lines with 95% confidence interval. Orange data points: frequency of DE and SAE alleles averaged across loci (adjusted R 2 = 0.87, excluding HiP). Light orange data points (HiP at 28.2 °S and Nairobi NP at 1.4 °S) indicate negative outliers. Grey data points: frequency of remaining microsatellite alleles not associated with male-deleterious traits averaged across loci (adjusted R 2 = -0.01, excluding HiP).
Figure 4: LD cline at the two most closely linked locus pairs
Blue data points: BM1824 -CSMM019 , orange data points:CSMM019 -BM3205 , light blue data point: HiP at 28.2 °S, grey data points: remaining three locus pairs. The regression line is the best fitting curve through the data, given byr LD = a ln(latitude + 27) + b , witha = -0.214 (P = 0.014) and b = 0.595.