Introduction
The World Health Organization had announced (COVID-19) as a pandemic on 11 March 2020[1]. The epidemic evolves and spreads resulting in highly rates of infection or even death. While the vaccine is absent, there is an essential need to mention the immune system, nutrition and how could we enhance ourselves against viral deadly infections especially among vulnerable patients as persons aged more than 65 years, with worthily health conditions (asthma, heart, chronic disease, or even immunosuppressed). COVID-19 may be transferred either by directly with infected patients or indirectly contact with surfaces used by the infected patients[2]. COVID-19 can cause a cytokine storm, which includes serious burst in the inflammatory ([IL]-6, IL-1β, (TNF)-α) (IFN)-γ)[3]. Undoubtedly, healthy diet, specific nutrients and nutrient facts can be effective with respect to disease vulnerability and immune responses by gene expression, cells activation, molecules production and gut microbial discourages[4].
Adjuration protection procedures under quarantine, self-isolation and sterilization are recommended for protection of COVID-19 infections.
Since being under quarantine, people seek for boredom and fear; due to the unemployment and news tragedy by social media platforms. This might result in poor diet quality and mood negative effect. Moreover, the unhealthy diet could increase inflammation, obesity, diabetes, cancer, lung problems and even the risks for more serious diseases than CoVID-19[5].
As a consequence, it is deemed crucial to consume serotonin and synthesis food sources such as almond, banana, oat and cherry to get rid of quarantine stresses[6]. In addition, tryptophan sources can act as sleep-inducing, neuropeptide Y inhibition, killer cell activity generator and respiratory infections control[7]. Furthermore, dairies, specially skimmed yogurt is strongly recommended for its highly useful microorganisms to ameloriate immunity system strengthens[8]. During quarantine, the nutritional deficiencies of macronutrients and micronutrients intake indeed resulted in depression of the immune function as secretory antibody, phagocyte, cytokine production eventually, increase the susceptibility for viral infections as COVID-19[9]. (Fig. 1) Shows the nutrients intake for novel Covid-19 Era effect on functions related and virus targeted under quarantine. Vegetables, salads and fruits regularly intake can supply micronutrients as vitamin (A, B, C, D, E), minerals (Zn, Se, Cu, Fe, Ca) and phytochemicals (rutin, hesperidin) to clean the body and boost the immune function[10].
Additionally, antioxidants food sources can increase (T-cell subsets), interleukin-2, lymphocyte reaction against the mitogen and even the activity of natural killer cell (NK cells)[11]. There are a lot of nutritional supplements to motivate the immune system due to its bioactive ingredients such as bee pollen, echinacea, mulone syrup, thyme and (nigella sativ, cod liver, pumpkin seed, fennel) oils[12]. It is necessary to reduce sugars intake as they reduce white blood cells function against microbes[13]. Admittedly, smoking is forbidden due to the free radical, nicotine and nitrogen dioxide ozone productions, which in turn weakens immunity[14].
The current article focuses on the immunenutrition relationship with the respiratory viruses as coronavirus. Definitely there are numerous nutritional date of enhancing the complex immune system needs, in synergy or individually such as diet, fruit, herbs, vitamins, nutraceuticals, antioxidants, trace elements and probiotics with the help of light sports against respiratory infections and pneumonia as COVID-19 syndromes.