Statistical analysis
Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 23. Numerical variables
are presented with mean±SD. Normal distribution was tested by
Kolmogorov-Smirnov test if the sample size was larger than 50; otherwise
the Shapiro-Wilk test was used. Mean value comparisons for numerical
variables were done by Student t or Mann Whitney U tests; while
categorical variables were compared by chi-square or Fisher exact tests,
as appropriate. Variables which were considered to affect the presence
of sarcopenia were taken into binary logistic regression analysis using
the stepwise method (backward selection). The evaluation of the model
adjustment and adequacy was obtained by Hosmer and Lemeshow
tests.10 Statistical significance was set at
p<0.05.