Abstract
Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (M. hyopneumoniae, Mhp) is an etiological agent
that causes mycoplasma pneumonia of swine (MPS), this is a chronic
respiratory disease present in every major swine-producing country
worldwide. It is well elucidated, Mhp infections may downregulate the
host immune system and enhance the infection and replication of other
pathogens. However, the mechanisms of interaction between Mhp and other
pathogens is still missing. Though, additional studies have reported
that several cofactors such as bacteria, vaccination failure, stress or
crowing and other swine viruses in combination with Mhp, lead to MPS.
Aside these cofactors, the co-infection of Mhp with other viruses, such
as Porcine Circovirus, Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome
Virus, Swine Influenza Virus, Pseudorabies Virus, and other bacteria,
such as Pasteurella multocida, Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae have been
widely studied for many years. In this review, we summarized the
co-infection of Mhp with other swine pathogens based our studies made,
the co-infection with other viruses and bacteria, revealed the
interaction mechanism of different pathogens with Mhp in the host