Conclusion
Oesophagoscopy is recommendedfor screening synchronousoesophagealmalignancies in patients with HNSCCs, in particular for patients who were smokers or drinkers, male patients and hypopharyngeal cancer patients. Part of these synchronousoesophagealmalignancies are also only detectable with oesophagoscopy and can potentially affect the survival of patients. Due to the low yield of bronchoscopyand can be potentially replaced by other means of investigation, it is not recommended as a screening procedure for patients with HNSCCs. Complication rate of oesophagoscopy and bronchoscopy is extremely low and the procedure is well tolerated using trans-nasal flexible endoscopy.