A Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) epidemic began in December 2019 in China, leading to a Public Health Emergency of International Interest. Clinical, laboratory and imaging characteristics have been partially characterized in some observational studies. Thus, it is necessary to assess the cardiovascular damage of patients with COVID-19 and to determine the correlation of the pro-terminal type B serum natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and cardiac troponin I (cTnI) with the COVID-19 severity. Thus, a cross-sectional study was carried out on 150 consecutive patients with COVID-19 at the fever clinic at Tongji Hospital in Wuhan, from January to February 2020, including 126 mild cases and 24 cases in intensive care. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the correlation of past medical history, including hypertension, diabetes and Coronary Heart Disease (CHD), as well as serum levels of NT-proBNP and cTnI in disease severity in patients with COVID-19. Age, hypersensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and patients' serum creatinine levels were higher in intensive care than in mild cases (p<0.05). The prevalence of elevated male NT-proBNP and cTnI, hypertension and coronary heart disease was significantly higher in critical care patients than in mild cases (p<0.05). The univariate logistic regression analysis showed that age, male gender, elevated NT-proBNP, elevated cTnI, elevated CRP, elevated serum creatinine, hypertension and CHD were significantly correlated with critical disease status (all p <0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that high cTnI (OR = 26.909, 95% CI 4,086-177,226, P = 0.001) and CHD (OR = 16,609, 95% CI 2,288-120,577, P = 0.005) were the independent risk factors critical illness status. Thus, COVID-19 can significantly affect cardiac function and lead to myocardial injury. The past medical history of CHD and the increase in the level of cTnI are two independent determinants of the clinical status of the disease in patients with COVID-19 [1].