Study design
This study was reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee of Beijing
Tsinghua Changgung Hospital and Beijing Tshinghua Changgung Hospital
Fund (Grant No. 12017C1002). The HMA system was activated on October 1,
2017. The HMA system was set to send real time warning messages to the
patient’s immediate team physician mobile phone when hypoglycemia
(<3 mmol/L) or hyperglycemia (>10 mmol/L) was
detected. HMA alert messages were set not to repeat until 72 hours had
passed. The alert would be activated by results from either point of
care POC or serum glucose testing. Hospital hyperglycemia (HH) was
defined as random blood glucose > 7.8 mmol/L, whereas a
blood glucose > 10 mmol/L was defined as significant HH
(SHH). The HH and SHH rates were defined as HH amount/ total tested
glucose amount % and SHH amount/ total tested glucose amount %,
respectively, and used as indicators for glycemic control. The patients
hospitalized before the HMA system was activated acted as the baseline
group and with those patients monitored with the HMA system being
labelled as the HMA group.