Mitochondrial and nuclear genetic diversity
Similar levels of overall genetic diversity were found in R. flaviceps and R. chinensis in the mtDNA sequences. The index values of haplotype diversity and nucleotide diversity for R. flaviceps (h = 081, π = 0.036, Table 1) were similar to those for R. chinensis (h = 0.854, π = 0.034, Table 1). Haplotype diversity (h ) in different plots ranged from 0.657 to 0.848, with a mean of 0.734, inR. flaviceps and from 0.4 to 0.978, with a mean of 0.674, inR. chinensis . Nucleotide diversity (π ) in R. flaviceps and R. chinensis ranged from 0.008 to 0.02, with a mean of 0.014, and from 0.002 to 0.028, with a mean of 0.013, respectively.
For nuclear genetic diversity, there was no significant difference in the number of effective alleles between the populations of R. flaviceps and R. chinensis (Ne : Fig. 3A; t = 0.44, p = 0.66). The number of effective alleles ranged from 1.25 to 8.54, with a mean of 4.39, in R. flavicepsand from 1.06 to 10.01, with a mean of 4.15, in R. chinensis . Similarly, there were no significant differences in the observed heterozygosity (Ho : Fig. 3B; t =1.17,p = 0.25) or expected heterozygosity (He : Fig. 3C; t = 0.78, p = 0.44) between the populations ofR. flaviceps and R. chinensis. The observed heterozygosity at different loci ranged from 0.22 to 0.80, with a mean of 0.50, inR. flaviceps and from 0.22 to 0.85, with a mean of 0.54, inR. chinensis. The expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.20 to 0.88, with means of 0.72, in R. flaviceps and from 0.05 to 0.90, with a mean of 0.69, in R. chinensis .