3.1 | Participants
From January 1, 2000, to December 31, 2012, a total of 36 853 persons
were diagnosed as having T2DM with compensated cirrhosis and were
undergoing anti-diabetes treatment. After exclusion of ineligible cases,
2047 persons received insulin treatment for at least 28 days, and 17 173
persons had never received insulin during the follow-up period. Figure 1
depicts the flowchart of patient selection for this study.
Before matching, insulin users presented higher proportions of young
age, young ages at diabetes diagnosis, medications use, hepatitis
infection than insulin nonusers. People with high CCI and DCSI scores
were found among insulin users than among insulin nonusers (Table 1).
After propensity score matching, 2047 insulin users and 4094 insulin
nonusers were selected. Of insulin users, 1650 (80.61%), 1289
(62.97%), and 1781 (87.01%) persons used basal insulin, premixed
insulin, and prandial insulin, respectively. The matched patients are
similar in all variables. The mean age of this cohort was 55.09 years,
the mean duration of diabetes was 3.13 years, and the HBV and HCV
infection rates were 23.33% and 19.76%, respectively. The mean
follow-up time was 5.79 years for insulin users and 5.88 years for
nonusers.