3.2 Outcomes
Overall, 7,945 children consumed healthcare resources afterwards (3,469 children that received baloxavir and 4,476 that received an NAI). As compared with NAI use (Table 2), baloxavir use was not associated with increased risk of more healthcare utilization in either unadjusted (odds ratio: 1.002; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.999–1.005; P = .24) or risk-adjusted (aOR: 1.002; 95% CI: 0.999–1.005; P = .16 ) analysis. All comorbidities were small but steadily related to increased risk of medical resource use following antiviral treatment. We found one recorded death in a child with complex medical conditions who was treated with oseltamivir.
As for six secondary outcomes, baloxavir use was again not associated with a high likelihood of more healthcare utilization (Table 2 and Supplemental Materials). In subgroup analyses, baloxavir use was associated with higher medical resource use than oseltamivir (aOR: 1.011; 95% CI: 1.007–1.015; P <. 001) and with lower medical resource use than zanamivir (aOR: 0.995; 95% CI 0.991–0.999;P = .039).