All All Women Women Men Men
No Symptoms (N=2338) Symptoms (N=156) No Symptoms (N=1484) Symptoms (N=108) No Symptoms (N=854) Symptoms (N=48)
Age [mean (SD)] 58.5 (15.7) 62.1 (16.2) 60.3 (15.5) 64.8 (15.5) 55.5 (15.5) 56.0 (16.1)
Primary inflammatory disease diagnosis
Spondylarthritis
770 (32.9%)
42 (26.9%)
340 (22.9%)
19 (17.6%)
430 (50.4%)
23 (47.9%)
Rheumatoid Arthritis
519 (22.2%)
19 (12.2%)
408 (27.5%)
16 (14.8%)
111 (13.0%)
3 (6.25%)
Osteoarthritis
563 (24.1%)
64 (41.0%)
424 (28.6%)
56 (51.9%)
139 (16.3%)
8 (16.7%)
Systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases
159 (6.80%)
6 (3.85%)
145 (9.77%)
4 (3.70%)
14 (1.64%)
2 (4.17%)
Vasculitis
53 (2.27%)
6 (3.85%)
35 (2.36%)
2 (1.85%)
18 (2.11%)
4 (8.33%)
Other rheumatic diseases
26 (11.1%)
12 (7.69%)
22 (1.48%)
4 (3.70%)
9 (1.05%)
3 (6.25%)
Juvenile Arthritis
7 (0.30%)
0 (0.00%)
4 (0.27%)
0 (0.00%)
3 (0.35%)
0 (0.00%)
Dermatological diseases
202 (8.64%)
6 (3.85%)
80 (5.39%)
2 (1.85%)
122 (14.3%)
4 (8.33%)
Other
31 (1.33%)
9 (5.77%)
26 (1.75%)
5 (4.63%)
8 (0.94%)
1 (2.08%)
Coexisting conditions
Hypertension
788 (33.7%)
70 (44.9%)
505 (34.0%)
48 (44.4%)
283 (33.1%)
22 (45.8%)
Diabetes
270 (11.5%)
32 (20.5%)
152 (10.2%)
22 (20.4%)
118 (13.8%)
10 (20.8%)
Pulmonary disease
329 (14.1%)
35 (22.4%)
216 (14.6%)
25 (23.1%)
113 (13.2%)
10 (20.8%)
CV disease
265 (11.3%)
25 (16.0%)
161 (10.8%)
18 (16.7%)
104 (12.2%)
7 (14.6%)
Chronic kidney disease
117 (5.00%)
12 (7.69%)
70 (4.72%)
6 (5.56%)
47 (5.50%)
6 (12.5%)
Cancer or active treatment
64 (2.74%)
6 (3.85%)
43 (2.90%)
4 (3.70%)
21 (2.46%)
2 (4.17%)
History of organ transplantation
7 (0.30%)
1 (0.64%)
6 (0.40%)
1 (0.93%)
1 (0.12%)
0 (0.00%)
Any of these conditions
1122 (48.0%)
101 (64.7%)
728 (49.1%)
69 (63.9%)
394 (46.1%)
32 (66.7%)
Treatments followed
Biologic DMARDs1 1070 (45.8%) 42 (26.9%) 560 (37.7%) 19 (17.6%) 510 (59.7%) 23 (47.9%)
Any TNFα antagonist 739 (31.6%) 29 (18.6%) 378 (25.5%) 10 (9.26%) 361 (42.3%) 19 (39.6%)
Adalimumab
353 (15.1%)
14 (8.97%)
159 (10.7%)
4 (3.70%)
194 (22.7%)
10 (20.8%)
Etanercept
178 (7.61%)
5 (3.21%)
104 (7.01%)
1 (0.93%)
74 (8.67%)
4 (8.33%)
Infliximab
114 (4.88%)
6 (3.85%)
57 (3.84%)
3 (2.78%)
57 (6.67%)
3 (6.25%)
Golimumab
63 (2.69%)
2 (1.28%)
34 (2.29%)
1 (0.93%)
29 (3.40%)
1 (2.08%)
Certolizumab
31 (1.33%)
2 (1.28%)
24 (1.62%)
1 (0.93%)
7 (0.82%)
1 (2.08%)
All IL-6/12/17/23 antagonists
269 (11.5%)
10 (6.41%)
130 (8.76%)
6 (5.56%)
139 (16.3%)
4 (8.33%)
IL-6 antagonists
52 (2.22%)
0 (0.00%)
42 (2.83%)
0 (0.00%)
10 (1.17%)
0 (0.00%)
IL-17 antagonists
68 (2.91%)
1 (0.64%)
26 (1.75%)
0 (0.00%)
42 (4.92%)
1 (2.08%)
IL-12/23 antagonists
149 (6.37%)
9 (5.77%)
62 (4.18%)
6 (5.56%)
87 (10.2%)
3 (6.25%)
T lymphocyte antagonists
27 (1.15%)
2 (1.28%)
20 (1.35%)
2 (1.85%)
7 (0.82%)
0 (0.00%)
B lymphocyte antagonists
42 (1.80%)
0 (0.00%)
36 (2.43%)
0 (0.00%)
6 (0.70%)
0 (0.00%)
Vedolizumab
2 (0.09%)
1 (0.64%)
1 (0.07%)
1 (0.93%)
1 (0.12%)
0 (0.00%)
Synthetic DMARDs2 807 (34.5%) 43 (27.6%) 553 (37.3%) 30 (27.8%) 254 (29.7%) 13 (27.1%)
Methotrexate
510 (21.8%)
28 (17.9%)
348 (23.5%)
18 (16.7%)
162 (19.0%)
10 (20.8%)
Leflunomide
111 (4.75%)
5 (3.21%)
82 (5.53%)
4 (3.70%)
29 (3.40%)
1 (2.08%)
Apremilast
51 (2.18%)
1 (0.64%)
19 (1.28%)
1 (0.93%)
32 (3.75%)
0 (0.00%)
Chloroquine or Hydroxychloroquine
108 (4.62%)
7 (4.49%)
99 (6.67%)
6 (5.56%)
9 (1.05%)
1 (2.08%)
JAK inhibitors
39 (1.67%)
2 (1.28%)
30 (2.02%)
2 (1.85%)
9 (1.05%)
0 (0.00%)
Sulfasalazine
9 (0.38%)
1 (0.64%)
7 (0.47%)
0 (0.00%)
2 (0.23%)
1 (2.08%)
Mycophenolate
18 (0.77%)
1 (0.64%)
16 (1.08%)
1 (0.93%)
2 (0.23%)
0 (0.00%)
Tacrolimus
22 (0.94%)
2 (1.28%)
15 (1.01%)
2 (1.85%)
7 (0.82%)
0 (0.00%)
Azathioprine
77 (3.29%)
3 (1.92%)
50 (3.37%)
2 (1.85%)
27 (3.16%)
1 (2.08%)
Cyclosporine
3 (0.13%)
0 (0.00%)
2 (0.13%)
0 (0.00%)
1 (0.12%)
0 (0.00%)
Glucocorticoids
≤10 mg/d
415 (17.8%)
26 (16.7%)
330 (22.2%)
17 (15.7%)
85 (9.95%)
9 (18.8%)
>10 mg/d
77 (3.29%)
9 (5.77%)
55 (3.71%)
7 (6.48%)
22 (2.58%)
2 (4.17%)
Anti-hypertensive drugs3 631 (27.0%) 53 (34.0%) 391 (26.3%) 37 (34.3%) 240 (28.1%) 16 (33.3%)
ACE inhibitors
375 (16.0%)
22 (14.1%)
221 (14.9%)
16 (14.8%)
154 (18.0%)
6 (12.5%)
ARBs
260 (11.1%)
33 (21.2%)
172 (11.6%)
22 (20.4%)
88 (10.3%)
11 (22.9%)
Chronic NSAIDs 461 (19.7%) 37 (23.7%) 320 (21.6%) 25 (23.1%) 141 (16.5%) 12 (25.0%)
CV= cardiovascular. DMARDs= disease modifying antirheumatic drugs. JAK=Janus kinase. IL=interleukin. TNF=tumor necrosis factor. NSAIDs= non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs. ACE= angiotensin-converting enzyme. ARBs= angiotensin II receptor blockers. 1Biologic DMARDs include Anti-TNF-α, IL-6/12/17/23 antagonists, vedolizumab and T and B lymphocyte antagonists. 2Synthetic DMARDs include methotrexate, JAK inhibitors, sulfasalazine, mycophenolate, tacrolimus, azathioprine, cyclosporine, chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine, leflunomide and apremilast. 3Anti-hypertensive drugs include ACE inhibitors and ARBs. CV= cardiovascular. DMARDs= disease modifying antirheumatic drugs. JAK=Janus kinase. IL=interleukin. TNF=tumor necrosis factor. NSAIDs= non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs. ACE= angiotensin-converting enzyme. ARBs= angiotensin II receptor blockers. 1Biologic DMARDs include Anti-TNF-α, IL-6/12/17/23 antagonists, vedolizumab and T and B lymphocyte antagonists. 2Synthetic DMARDs include methotrexate, JAK inhibitors, sulfasalazine, mycophenolate, tacrolimus, azathioprine, cyclosporine, chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine, leflunomide and apremilast. 3Anti-hypertensive drugs include ACE inhibitors and ARBs. CV= cardiovascular. DMARDs= disease modifying antirheumatic drugs. JAK=Janus kinase. IL=interleukin. TNF=tumor necrosis factor. NSAIDs= non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs. ACE= angiotensin-converting enzyme. ARBs= angiotensin II receptor blockers. 1Biologic DMARDs include Anti-TNF-α, IL-6/12/17/23 antagonists, vedolizumab and T and B lymphocyte antagonists. 2Synthetic DMARDs include methotrexate, JAK inhibitors, sulfasalazine, mycophenolate, tacrolimus, azathioprine, cyclosporine, chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine, leflunomide and apremilast. 3Anti-hypertensive drugs include ACE inhibitors and ARBs. CV= cardiovascular. DMARDs= disease modifying antirheumatic drugs. JAK=Janus kinase. IL=interleukin. TNF=tumor necrosis factor. NSAIDs= non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs. ACE= angiotensin-converting enzyme. ARBs= angiotensin II receptor blockers. 1Biologic DMARDs include Anti-TNF-α, IL-6/12/17/23 antagonists, vedolizumab and T and B lymphocyte antagonists. 2Synthetic DMARDs include methotrexate, JAK inhibitors, sulfasalazine, mycophenolate, tacrolimus, azathioprine, cyclosporine, chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine, leflunomide and apremilast. 3Anti-hypertensive drugs include ACE inhibitors and ARBs. CV= cardiovascular. DMARDs= disease modifying antirheumatic drugs. JAK=Janus kinase. IL=interleukin. TNF=tumor necrosis factor. NSAIDs= non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs. ACE= angiotensin-converting enzyme. ARBs= angiotensin II receptor blockers. 1Biologic DMARDs include Anti-TNF-α, IL-6/12/17/23 antagonists, vedolizumab and T and B lymphocyte antagonists. 2Synthetic DMARDs include methotrexate, JAK inhibitors, sulfasalazine, mycophenolate, tacrolimus, azathioprine, cyclosporine, chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine, leflunomide and apremilast. 3Anti-hypertensive drugs include ACE inhibitors and ARBs. CV= cardiovascular. DMARDs= disease modifying antirheumatic drugs. JAK=Janus kinase. IL=interleukin. TNF=tumor necrosis factor. NSAIDs= non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs. ACE= angiotensin-converting enzyme. ARBs= angiotensin II receptor blockers. 1Biologic DMARDs include Anti-TNF-α, IL-6/12/17/23 antagonists, vedolizumab and T and B lymphocyte antagonists. 2Synthetic DMARDs include methotrexate, JAK inhibitors, sulfasalazine, mycophenolate, tacrolimus, azathioprine, cyclosporine, chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine, leflunomide and apremilast. 3Anti-hypertensive drugs include ACE inhibitors and ARBs. CV= cardiovascular. DMARDs= disease modifying antirheumatic drugs. JAK=Janus kinase. IL=interleukin. TNF=tumor necrosis factor. NSAIDs= non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs. ACE= angiotensin-converting enzyme. ARBs= angiotensin II receptor blockers. 1Biologic DMARDs include Anti-TNF-α, IL-6/12/17/23 antagonists, vedolizumab and T and B lymphocyte antagonists. 2Synthetic DMARDs include methotrexate, JAK inhibitors, sulfasalazine, mycophenolate, tacrolimus, azathioprine, cyclosporine, chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine, leflunomide and apremilast. 3Anti-hypertensive drugs include ACE inhibitors and ARBs.