Modularity
Seasonal topological changes to species interaction networks were apparent in the modularity values (QSeason ) across thresholds (Table 2). Particularly, at a threshold of 0.5, the modularity score in the Fall, QFall =0.47 (six modules; left panel of Figure 2), was lower than the Spring,QSpring =0.51 (four modules; right panel of Figure 2), indicating that species in the Spring interacted with those classified as being part of their modules more so than species in the Fall. This difference between seasonal modularity was further exemplified in average modularity scores across all thresholds, with Fall, \({\overset{\overline{}}{Q}}_{\text{Fall}}=0.45\), lower than the Spring, \({\overset{\overline{}}{Q}}_{\text{Spring}}=0.52\).